1: Title
This Act is the Resource Management (Extended Duration of Coastal Permits for Marine Farms) Amendment Act 2024.
2: Commencement
This Act comes into force on the day after Royal assent.
3: Principal Act
This Act amends the Resource Management Act 1991 2024-09-03 Resource Management Act 1991
1: Amendments to Part 7A of Resource Management Act 1991
4: New subparts 1A and 1B of Part 7A inserted
After section 165ZFH
1A: Duration of coastal permits for marine farms extended
165ZFHA: Interpretation
In this subpart and subpart 1B extant coastal permit
a: is for an aquaculture activity in the coastal marine area; and
b: is current on the date on which this subpart comes into force; and
c: expires earlier than 31 December 2050 extended permit review of conditions review subpart 1B replacement permit
a: replaces an extant coastal permit; and
b: has a commencement date later than the date on which this subpart comes into force; and
c: is not being exercised by the permit holder.
165ZFHB: Application of subpart
This subpart applies to—
a: extant coastal permits; and
b: replacement permits; and
c: coastal permits that are in force under section 165ZH on the date when this subpart comes into force; and
d: coastal permits within the meaning of section 87(c)—
i: to which paragraph (a), (b), or (c)
ii: that are in force on the date when this subpart comes into force.
165ZFHC: Extension of coastal permits for marine farms
1: The expiry date of the coastal permits to which this subpart applies is extended to whichever is the sooner of—
a: the date that is 20 years after the date on which the permit would otherwise expire; and
b: 31 December 2050.
2: No extension may be made under this subpart that applies beyond 31 December 2050.
3: The conditions applying to each coastal permit that is extended under this section continue to apply, unless—
a: a change to a condition is required as a consequence of extending the duration of the coastal permit; or
b: the coastal permit is subject to an appeal at the date on which this subpart comes into force, in which case the conditions are those set by the decision made on the final appeal.
4: This section does not affect the power under subpart 1B
165ZFHD: Updating of extended coastal permits
1: If, on the day on which this subpart comes into force, the holder of an extant coastal permit has lodged an application under section 165ZH and at the same time the duration of the extant coastal permit is extended under this subpart, the holder must, not later than 2 months after this subpart comes into force,—
a: decide whether—
i: to continue operating under the extant coastal permit; or
ii: to continue with the application; and
b: notify the relevant consent authority of that decision.
2: A consent authority—
a: must, within 6 months of this subpart coming into force, update each extant coastal permit to record the expiry date of each, as extended under this subpart; but
b: may, for a period of 2 months after this subpart comes into force, suspend processing applications made under section 165ZH while holders of extant coastal permits make, and give notice of, the decision required under subsection (1)
3: A permit holder who decides to continue operating under an extant coastal permit as extended under this subpart must withdraw the application lodged under section 165ZH within 2 months of this subpart coming into force.
4: However, if a permit holder decides to continue with the application lodged under section 165ZH, a coastal permit granted under that application does not qualify for the 20-year extension to the expiry date provided for under this subpart.
165ZFHE: Consent holder must confirm which coastal permit is operational
1: This section applies to a consent holder who—
a: is operating under an extant coastal permit when this subpart comes into force; but
b: already holds a coastal permit to replace the extant coastal permit referred to in paragraph (a)
2: Not later than 2 months after this subpart comes into force, a permit holder must confirm with the relevant consent authority whether the holder will operate under—
a: the extant coastal permit; or
b: a replacement permit.
165ZFHF: Decision to operate under extant coastal permit
1: If a permit holder decides to operate under an extant coastal permit ( see section 165ZFHE(2) section 165ZFHE(1)(b)
2: The surrender under subsection (1)
165ZFHG: Decision to operate under replacement permit
1: This section applies if the holder of an extant coastal permit decides to operate under a replacement permit ( see section 165ZFHE(2)
2: A permit holder is entitled to operate under the extant coastal permit until the replacement permit commences in accordance with the terms of the replacement permit.
3: A permit holder who surrenders an extant coastal permit and uses a replacement permit under section 165ZFHE(2)(b)
a: any breach of the conditions of the extant coastal permit occurring before that permit is surrendered; and
b: completing any work to give effect to that permit, unless the consent authority directs otherwise when it acknowledges the surrender.
165ZFHH: Application of extension where coastal permit under appeal
1: The extension of a coastal permit described in section 165ZFHC(1)
a: was granted or declined before the date on which this subpart comes into force; and
b: is the subject of an appeal that results in the granting of a coastal permit.
2: The extension does not apply—
a: until all rights of appeal are exhausted; or
b: if, on appeal, the application for a coastal permit is declined or withdrawn.
1B: Review of conditions applying to extended coastal permits
165ZFHI: Power to undertake review
1: A consent authority may review the conditions of any coastal permit that is extended under subpart 1A
2: This subpart is in addition to, and does not affect the application of,—
a: sections 127 to 129, which provide for—
i: a consent authority to review the conditions of a coastal permit; and
ii: the holder of a coastal permit to apply to change or cancel any condition of a coastal permit; or
b: section 133, which preserves the power of the Environment Court under Part 12 to change or cancel a coastal permit by an enforcement order.
3: A review undertaken under this subpart—
a: must commence not later than 2 years after this subpart comes into force; and
b: must not be undertaken more than once in relation to any coastal permit; and
c: must not amend the duration of a coastal permit extended under section 165ZFHC(1)
4: Despite section 36, a consent authority must bear its own costs of a review undertaken under this subpart, other than any costs arising from a request by the Director-General under section 165ZFHK(3)
165ZFHJ: Purpose of review
The purpose of undertaking a review is to better promote the sustainable management of the natural and physical resources associated with the marine farm, as long as the review is undertaken in a way that—
a: is consistent with Part 2; and
b: does not prevent the permit holder from carrying out the aquaculture activity to which the coastal permit relates.
165ZFHK: Concurrence of Director-General required for review to proceed
1: Before a consent authority may undertake a review under this subpart, it must provide a proposal to the Director-General of the Ministry for Primary Industries (the Director-General
2: Not later than 20 working days after receiving a proposal, the Director-General must—
a: decide whether to concur with the consent authority that the proposal is consistent with the purpose of the review; and
b: notify the relevant consent authority in writing of that decision.
3: For the purpose of making that decision, the Director-General may request the relevant consent authority and permit holders to provide information in writing to the Director-General not later than 20 working days after the request is received.
4: The information requested—
a: must be provided as requested, in the case of a request to the consent authority; and
b: may be provided in the case of a request to a permit holder.
5: The time that the Director-General may need to obtain information from the relevant consent authority and permit holders is in addition to the 20 working days specified in subsection (2)
6: If the information is not received in full within the time specified in subsection (3) subsection (2)(a)
165ZFHL: Process applying to review
1: Not later than 20 working days after a consent authority has received written notice of the Director-General’s concurrence with the proposed review, the consent authority may initiate a review of the conditions of an extended coastal permit by notifying that intention to—
a: any of the following groups or persons if the extended coastal permit applies in their rohe:
i: iwi authorities:
ii: post-settlement governance entities:
iii: Ngā Hapū o Ngāti Porou as defined in section 10 of Ngā Rohe Moana o Ngā Hapū o Ngāti Porou Act 2019:
iv: iwi and hapū that are party to a Mana Whakahono ā Rohe under this Act:
v: customary marine title groups (within the meaning of the Marine and Coastal Area (Takutai Moana) Act 2011) that—
A: hold customary marine title in an area under that Act; or
B: have applied under that Act for customary marine title but whose application has not yet been determined; and
b: the permit holder.
2: Groups or persons notified under subsection (1)
a: within 20 working days after limited notification was given under subsection (1)
b: in accordance with section 96(5) to (7).
3: A consent authority undertaking a review under this subpart must not hold a hearing as part of that review and nothing in sections 99 to 103B applies to a review under this subpart.
165ZFHM: Decision on review
1: A consent authority that undertakes a review under this subpart must, not later than 2 years after initiating the review, decide whether to add to, amend, or make no change to, any condition of the coastal permit under review.
2: In making that decision, the consent authority must—
a: apply section 131, as far as it is relevant to a review under this subpart (and with any necessary modifications); and
b: consider any submissions received under section 165ZFHL(2)
3: The consent authority must, as soon as is reasonably practicable, give written notice of the outcome of the review to the persons notified if they made a submission ( see section 165ZFHL(1) and (2)
165ZFHN: Right of appeal
1: The following persons may appeal to the Environment Court against the whole or part of any decision made by the consent authority in the review of conditions under this subpart:
a: the permit holder; and
b: any person or group who was notified under section 165ZFHL(1) section 165ZFHL(2)
2: Section 121 applies to an appeal under this section.
165ZFHO: Final right of appeal
There is a final right of appeal on a question of law to the High Court, subject to sections 299 to 304.
2: Other amendment to Resource Management Act 1991
5: Section 123A amended (Duration of consent for aquaculture activities)
After section 123A(4)
5: The duration of a coastal permit to which this section applies is subject to any extension that may apply under subpart 1A of Part 7A


1: Title
This Act is the Courts (Remote Participation) Amendment Act 2024.
2: Commencement
1: Section 7
2: The rest of this Act comes into force on the day after Royal assent.
1: Amendments to Courts (Remote Participation) Act 2010
3: Principal Act
This Part amends the Courts (Remote Participation) Act 2010 2024-09-03 Courts (Remote Participation) Act 2010 This Part, excluding section 7; see section 2(1) & (2).
4: Section 3 amended (Interpretation)
In section 3 audio link AL section 9A offence victim
5: New section 7A inserted (Use of audio links in civil proceedings)
After section 7
7A: Use of audio links in civil proceedings
1: This section applies if—
a: a judicial officer or Registrar would otherwise have determined under section 7 that AVL be used for the appearance of a participant in a civil proceeding; or
b: the only reason that a judicial officer or Registrar would not have made such a determination is because AVL is not available.
2: The judicial officer or Registrar may determine that AL be used instead of AVL for the appearance of the participant in the civil proceeding if—
a: the judicial officer or Registrar considers the criteria set out in section 5 in deciding whether the use of AL is appropriate in the circumstances; and
b: the judicial officer or Registrar considers the potential impact of the use of AL on the ability of the parties to the proceeding—
i: to comprehend the proceeding; and
ii: to participate effectively in the proceeding; and
iii: to consult and instruct counsel privately; and
iv: to access relevant evidence; and
v: to examine witnesses; and
c: the judicial officer or Registrar determines that it is not contrary to the interests of justice to use AL instead of AVL.
3: However, the judicial officer or Registrar may not determine that AL be used instead of AVL for the appearance of the participant in the civil proceeding if the proceeding is the hearing of an application for which the participant must be present under—
a: section 121 of the Intellectual Disability (Compulsory Care and Rehabilitation) Act 2003; or
b: section 19 of the Mental Health (Compulsory Assessment and Treatment) Act 1992; or
c: section 76 of the Substance Addiction (Compulsory Assessment and Treatment) Act 2017.
6: New section 8A inserted (Use of audio links in criminal procedural matters)
After section 8
8A: Use of audio links in criminal procedural matters
1: This section applies if—
a: section 8 requires or permits AVL to be used for the appearance of a participant in a criminal procedural matter; or
b: the only reason that section 8 does not require or permit AVL to be so used is because AVL is not available.
2: A judicial officer or Registrar may determine that AL be used instead of AVL for the appearance of the participant in the criminal procedural matter if—
a: the judicial officer or Registrar considers the criteria set out in sections 5 and 6 in deciding whether the use of AL is appropriate in the circumstances; and
b: the defendant is not required to, and does not wish to, attend the hearing; and
c: the judicial officer or Registrar determines that it is not contrary to the interests of justice to use AL instead of AVL.
7: New section 9A inserted (Use of audio-visual links and audio links by victims and support persons to observe trial and sentencing)
After section 9
9A: Use of audio-visual links and audio links by victims and support persons to observe trial and sentencing
1: Despite section 9, a victim of an offence and any support person of the victim are entitled to observe all or part of the trial and sentencing for the offence by the use of AVL or AL (the relevant technology
a: the relevant technology is available; and
b: the victim gives the court notice that they wish to use the relevant technology; and
c: there is reasonable time, after the victim gives notice, for the court to make the necessary arrangements for the use of the relevant technology; and
d: the trial or sentencing that is to be observed is open to the public; and
e: the victim and any support person are otherwise entitled to be physically present.
2: However, subsection (1)
3: Before making a determination under subsection (2) 2025-03-02 Courts (Remote Participation) Act 2010 Section 7 only; see section 2(1)
8: Minor and consequential amendments to Courts (Remote Participation) Act 2010
Amend the Courts (Remote Participation) Act 2010 Schedule
2: Amendments to Criminal Procedure Act 2011
9: Principal Act
This Part amends the Criminal Procedure Act 2011 2024-09-03 Criminal Procedure Act 2011 see section 2(2)
10: New section 198A inserted (Hearing may be conducted by audiovisual link or audio link)
After section 198
198A: Hearing may be conducted by audiovisual link or audio link
1: Nothing in sections 196 to 198 limits or affects the ability of a court to conduct a hearing wholly or partly by audiovisual link ( AVL AL
2: For the purposes of subsection (1),— audio link AL audiovisual link AVL
11: Schedule 1AB amended
In Schedule 1AB, repeal clause 1


1: Title
This Act is the Firearms Prohibition Orders Legislation Amendment Act 2024.
2: Commencement
This Act comes into force 6 months after the date on which it receives the Royal assent.
1: Amendments to Arms Act 1983
3: Principal Act
This Part amends the Arms Act 1983 2025-03-02 Arms Act 1983
4: Section 2 amended (Interpretation)
In section 2(1) gang section 4 of the Gangs Act 2024 organised criminal group Section 4 editorial change 1 November 2024 sections 86(1) 87(l)(iii) Legislation Act 2019
5: Section 24A amended (Fit and proper person to possess firearm or airgun)
In section 24A(6)
a: gang
b: organised criminal group
6: Section 39 replaced (Interpretation)
Replace section 39
39: Interpretation
In this Part,— associate of a gang or an organised criminal group criminal activity firearm or related item insignia
a: means a sign, symbol, or representation commonly displayed to denote membership of, or an affiliation with, a gang or an organised criminal group, not being a tattoo; and
b: includes any item or thing to which a sign, symbol, or representation referred to in paragraph (a) is attached or affixed (for example, clothing or a vehicle) member of a gang or an organised criminal group
a: an individual who is a prospective member or nominee:
b: an individual who demonstrates affiliation to a gang or an organised criminal group by displaying the gang’s or group’s insignia:
c: an individual who is involved in the affairs of a gang or an organised criminal group for the likely purpose of participating in a criminal activity prospective member or nominee
7: Section 39A amended (When FPO may be made)
1: Replace section 39A(1)(b)(ii)
ii: after 15 November 2022.
2: After section 39A(1)
1A: This section also applies when a court is sentencing an offender who—
a: has been convicted of—
i: an offence under any of the following Acts that is punishable by a term of imprisonment of 1 year or more:
A: this Act:
B: the Misuse of Drugs Act 1975:
C: the Psychoactive Substances Act 2013; or
ii: an offence against any of the following provisions of the Crimes Act 1961:
A: the provisions of Part 8 (crimes against the person):
B: the provisions of Part 10 (crimes against rights of property):
C: the provisions of Part 11 (threatening, conspiring, and attempting to commit offences); and
b: committed the offence—
i: when aged 18 years or over; and
ii: after the commencement of this subsection; and
c: at the time of committing the offence was—
i: a member of a gang or an organised criminal group; or
ii: an associate of a gang or an organised criminal group.
8: New section 39FA inserted (Varying, modifying, or revoking FPOs)
After section 39F
39FA: Varying, modifying, or revoking FPOs
1: A person who is subject to an FPO may, at any time after the FPO has been in force for 5 years, apply to the court that made the FPO for an order—
a: varying or modifying any of the conditions of the FPO; or
b: revoking the FPO.
2: An application under subsection (1)(a) or (b) may not be made in respect of an FPO if an application has previously been made under subsection (1)(a) or (b) in respect of the FPO within the previous 2 years.
3: On an application made under subsection (1)(a), the court may vary or modify any standard or special condition of the FPO if it is satisfied, on the balance of probabilities, that the condition is no longer reasonably necessary to prevent the applicant from accessing, possessing, or using any firearms or related items.
4: On an application made under subsection (1)(b), the court may revoke the FPO if it is satisfied, on the balance of probabilities, that the FPO is no longer necessary, reasonable, and appropriate to assist in managing the risk that the applicant poses to public safety.
9: Section 39G replaced (Modifying or replacing FPO on subsequent conviction)
Replace section 39G
39G: Varying, modifying, or replacing FPO on subsequent conviction
1: This section applies if—
a: a court is sentencing an offender in the circumstances described in section 39A(1) or (1A); and
b: the offender is already subject to an FPO in respect of previous offending.
2: The court may—
a: vary or modify any of the existing conditions of the FPO; or
b: impose any special conditions, or additional special conditions; or
c: revoke the FPO and make a new FPO.
2: Amendments to other Acts
1: Amendment to Sentencing Act 2002
10: Principal Act
This subpart amends the Sentencing Act 2002 2025-03-02 Sentencing Act 2002
11: Section 111A replaced (Firearms prohibition order)
Replace section 111A
111A: Firearms prohibition order
1: When sentencing a specified offender, the court may make a firearms prohibition order against the offender under Part 7A of the Arms Act 1983.
2: In this section, specified offender
2: Amendments to Search and Surveillance Act 2012
12: Principal Act
This subpart amends the Search and Surveillance Act 2012 2025-03-02 Search and Surveillance Act 2012
13: Subpart 6 heading in Part 2 amended
In Part 2 offences
14: New section 18AA inserted (Warrantless searches associated with FPOs)
After section 18
18AA: Warrantless searches associated with FPOs
1: A constable, who has reasonable grounds to believe that a person is subject to an FPO made before, on, or after the commencement of this section, may, without a warrant, do any or all of the following for the purpose of checking whether the person is complying with the conditions of the FPO:
a: search the person:
b: search any thing in the person’s possession or under the person’s control (including a vehicle):
c: search any premises—
i: in which the person is present; or
ii: that the person occupies or controls:
d: search any vehicle in which the person is present and any other persons present in the vehicle who the constable has reasonable grounds to believe are in possession of arms:
e: enter a place or vehicle to carry out any activity under paragraphs (a) to (d):
f: seize and detain any arms found.
2: A constable may exercise the power in subsection (1) without having reasonable grounds to suspect that any offence has been, is being, or will be committed by the person.
3: In this section, FPO


1: Title
This Act is the Fair Trading (Gift Card Expiry) Amendment Act 2024.
2: Commencement
This Act comes into force 18 months after Royal assent.
3: Principal Act
This Act amends the Fair Trading Act 1986 2026-03-16 Fair Trading Act 1986
4: Section 36A amended (Purpose of Part)
After section 36A(c)
ca: gift card expiry dates; and
5: New subpart 3A of Part 4A inserted
In Part 4A section 36W
3A: Gift card expiry dates
36WA: Definitions
In this subpart, unless the context otherwise requires,— expiry date gift card
a: a card or voucher supplied in substitution for goods returned to the supplier of the goods; or
b: a prepaid card or voucher redeemable only for telecommunication services, public transport, or electricity, gas, or water services; or
c: a debit card, credit card, prepaid travel card, or other similar card that allows cash withdrawals; or
d: a card or voucher supplied as part of a customer loyalty programme (other than a card or voucher supplied in exchange for a reduction in customer loyalty points); or
e: a card or voucher redeemable only for goods or services available at a time-limited event (such as a festival, concert, or similar event); or
f: a card or voucher sold principally to raise funds for a charitable purpose.
36WB: Gift card expiry date must not be less than 3 years
1: A person must not, in trade, sell to a consumer a gift card with an expiry date that is less than 3 years after the date of sale of the gift card.
2: A term or condition of a gift card sold to a consumer is void to the extent that it contravenes subsection (1)
3: If the expiry date of a gift card is void because of subsection (2)
36WC: Expiry date must appear prominently on gift card
A person must not, in trade, sell to a consumer a gift card unless the card states prominently when it ceases to be redeemable by reference to one of the following:
a: the expiry date:
b: the month and year the gift card ceases to be redeemable:
c: the date the gift card is sold and a statement that identifies the period during which the gift card is redeemable:
d: the words no expiry date
6: Section 40B amended (Infringement offence, etc, defined)
In section 40B infringement offence
v: section 36WB
vi: section 36WC
7: Section 41 amended (Injunctions may be granted by court for contravention of Part 1, Part 2, Part 3, and Part 4)
1: In the heading to section 41 Part 1, Part 2, Part 3, and Part 4 specified provisions
2: In section 41(1)(a) Parts 1 to 4 or section 36WB or 36WC
8: Section 42 amended (Order to disclose information or publish advertisement)
In section 42(1) Parts 1 to 4 or section 36WB or 36WC
9: Schedule 1AA amended
In Schedule 1AA
a: insert the Part set out in Schedule 1
b: make all necessary consequential amendments.
10: Consequential amendments to Fair Trading (Infringement Offences) Regulations 2014
Amend the Fair Trading (Infringement Offences) Regulations 2014 Schedule 2 2026-03-16 Fair Trading (Infringement Offences) Regulations 2014


Gangs Act 2024

1: Title
This Act is the Gangs Act 2024.
2: Commencement
This Act comes into force on 21 November 2024.
1: Preliminary provisions
3: Purpose
The purpose of this Act is to reduce the ability of gangs to operate and cause fear, intimidation, and disruption to the public by—
a: prohibiting the display of gang insignia in public places:
b: providing for the issue of dispersal notices to stop gang members from gathering in public places:
c: providing for the making of non-consorting orders to prevent specified gang offenders from associating or communicating with each other for 3 years.
4: Interpretation
In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— associate communicate consort constable section 4 criminal activity dispersal notice section 10 electronic address gang Schedule 2 gang insignia
a: means a sign, symbol, or representation commonly displayed to denote membership of, or an affiliation with, a gang, not being a tattoo; and
b: includes any item or thing to which a sign, symbol, or representation referred to in paragraph (a) is attached or affixed (for example, clothing or a vehicle) gang member
a: an individual who is a prospective member or nominee:
b: an individual who demonstrates affiliation to a gang by displaying the gang’s insignia:
c: an individual who is involved in the affairs of a gang for the likely purpose of participating in a criminal activity government agency
a: a public service agency (as defined in section 5
b: a Crown entity (within the meaning of section 7
c: the New Zealand Police:
d: the New Zealand Defence Force immediate family
a: means a member of the person’s family, whānau, or other culturally recognised family group, who is in a close relationship with the person; and
b: to avoid doubt, includes—
i: a spouse, civil union partner, or de facto partner:
ii: a child, whāngai, or stepchild:
iii: a brother, sister, stepbrother, or stepsister:
iv: a parent, person who acts as parent of a whāngai, or step-parent:
v: a grandparent:
vi: a parent of the person’s child local authority section 5(1) named person
a: took part in the gathering to which the dispersal notice relates; and
b: is named in the dispersal notice as a person with whom the person issued with the notice must not associate in a public place while the notice is in effect personal service place prospective member or nominee public place section 2(1) and (2)
a: any publicly accessible online place (for example, an internet site or an online application or similar):
b: for the purposes of Part 2 subpart 1 section 3 qualified constable serious offence
a: an offence that is punishable by a term of imprisonment of 7 years or more; or
b: an offence against—
i: section 16(4) 16A 42A 42B 43 43AA 44 44AA 44A 45 50 50AA 50A 50B 50C 50CA 50D 51 53A(2) 54 55 55A
ii: section 25 26 70
iii: section 189(2) 202C 232(2) 267(3) 308A specified gang offender
a: who is a gang member; and
b: who, on or after the commencement of this Act,—
i: is made subject to a firearms prohibition order under section 39A
ii: is convicted of—
A: a serious offence; or
B: an offence under the law of another jurisdiction that, if committed in New Zealand, would be a serious offence. 2012 No 24 s 18A 2013 No 56 s 4
5: Transitional, savings, and related provisions
The transitional, savings, and related provisions (if any) set out in Schedule 1
6: Act binds the Crown
This Act binds the Crown.
2: Prohibition on display of gang insignia in public places
7: Prohibition on display of gang insignia in public place
1: A person commits an offence if the person knowingly, and without reasonable excuse, displays gang insignia at any time in a public place.
2: A person who commits an offence against subsection (1) is liable on conviction to a term of imprisonment not exceeding 6 months or a fine not exceeding $5,000.
3: If a person pleads guilty to, or is convicted of, an offence against subsection (1), the gang insignia concerned—
a: is forfeited to the Crown; and
b: may be destroyed or otherwise disposed of as the court, either at the time of the conviction for the offence or on a subsequent application, directs. 2009 No 1 (L) ss 12 13 2013 No 56 ss 6 7(2), (3)
8: Exceptions to prohibition
Section 7
a: was for, or relates to, any of the following purposes:
i: a genuine artistic or educational purpose:
ii: media reporting of news, observations on news, or current affairs:
iii: the broadcast of a documentary:
iv: law enforcement:
v: a headstone or grave marker erected before the commencement of this Act:
vi: providing training or information to persons carrying out work for a government agency or local authority; and
b: was, in the circumstances, reasonable for that purpose.
9: Mandatory gang insignia prohibition order for repeat offences
1: A court must make a gang insignia prohibition order if—
a: the court convicts the person of an offence against section 7
b: the person has been convicted of 2 or more previous offences against section 7
2: An order made under subsection (1) prohibits—
a: the person from possessing gang insignia; and
b: the person from controlling gang insignia; and
c: gang insignia being present at the person’s usual place of residence.
3: A gang insignia prohibition order takes effect when it is made and continues in effect for 5 years.
4: If a court must make an order under subsection (1) but the person is already subject to an order made under that subsection, the court must amend that order to provide that it continues in effect for 5 years from the date of the amendment.
5: A person commits an offence if the person—
a: is subject to a gang insignia prohibition order; and
b: intentionally breaches all or any part of the order.
6: A person who commits an offence against subsection (5) is liable on conviction to a term of imprisonment not exceeding 1 year.
3: Dispersal notices and non-consorting orders
1: Dispersal notices
10: Power to issue dispersal notice
Grounds for issuing
1: A constable may issue a dispersal notice to a person if the constable has reasonable grounds—
a: to suspect that the person—
i: is a gang member; and
ii: is one of 3 or more gang members who are gathering or were gathered in a public place; and
b: to believe that issuing the notice is necessary to avoid unreasonably disrupting the activities of other members of the public. Process for issuing
2: The dispersal notice—
a: must be issued in writing; and
b: may be issued to the person—
i: while the gathering is taking place; or
ii: after the gathering has ended. Limit on issuing
3: A dispersal notice may not be issued to a person who is a member of any group of persons who are gathering in a public place for the primary purpose of demonstrating support for, or opposition to, or otherwise publicising, a point of view, cause, or campaign. 1981 No 113 s 5A(3)
11: Service of dispersal notice
1: A dispersal notice may be served by—
a: personal service; or
b: sending it to an electronic address supplied by the person to whom it is issued.
2: However, a dispersal notice may only be served electronically under subsection (1)(b) if an explanation of the notice has been given under section 13
3: If the person does not supply an electronic address for the purposes of subsection (1)(b), a constable may require the person to accompany the constable to a Police station to effect personal service of the notice.
12: Power to detain for purposes of issuing and serving notice
1: A constable who is proposing to issue a dispersal notice to a person may detain the person for the period that is reasonably necessary to do 1 or more of the following:
a: take the person’s biographical details:
b: issue the notice:
c: serve the notice.
2: A person who is detained under subsection (1) may, after being cautioned, be arrested without warrant if the person—
a: fails or refuses to remain at the place where the person is detained; or
b: fails or refuses to give their biographical details on demand, or gives any biographical details that the constable reasonably believes to be false.
3: A person who, after being cautioned, fails or refuses, without reasonable excuse, to comply with a direction of a constable exercising the constable’s powers under section 11(3)
a: commits an offence; and
b: is liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $1,000.
4: In this section, biographical details
a: name; and
b: date of birth; and
c: physical address; and
d: electronic address (if any). 1981 No 113 s 39(2) 1998 No 110 s 114(3), (6) 2008 No 72 s 33(4) 2018 No 46 s 32(1), (2)(b)
13: Duty of constable to explain dispersal notice
1: A constable who issues a dispersal notice must, to the extent that it is reasonably practicable to do so in the circumstances, explain to the person to whom the notice is issued—
a: the effect and duration of the notice; and
b: the consequences that may follow if the person breaches the notice.
2: The explanation may be given when—
a: the dispersal notice is issued under section 10
b: serving the dispersal notice under section 11
c: detaining the person under section 12
3: A failure to comply with this section does not affect the validity of the dispersal notice. 2018 No 46 s 33(1)
14: Requirement to disperse
1: This section applies if a dispersal notice is issued to a person while the gathering to which it relates is taking place.
2: A constable may require the person issued with the notice and all or any of the named persons—
a: to immediately leave the public place (or part of the public place) specified by the constable; or
b: to go beyond a reasonable distance from the public place (or part of the public place) specified by the constable. Duration and terms of notice
15: Duration of dispersal notice
1: A dispersal notice issued to a person takes effect when it is served on the person.
2: A dispersal notice continues in effect for 7 days starting on the day on which the gathering to which it relates took place, unless the notice is sooner revoked under section 20(3)
16: Terms of dispersal notice
A dispersal notice must—
a: state the following information:
i: the name and date of birth of the person to whom the notice is issued:
ii: the date on which the notice was issued:
iii: the date on which the gathering to which the notice relates took place:
iv: the address or location where the gathering to which the notice relates took place; and
b: specify the name of each named person with whom the person must not associate in a public place while the notice is in effect; and
c: include the following information:
i: a statement that, unless sooner revoked, the notice continues in effect for 7 days starting on the day on which the gathering to which it relates took place:
ii: a statement that the notice does not prevent the person from associating with a named person in a public place if any of the circumstances specified in section 17
iii: a statement that the person may apply for a variation of the notice under section 18
iv: a statement that associating with a named person in a public place while the notice is in effect constitutes an offence against section 19
v: a statement that the person may apply for a review of the notice under section 20
vi: the contact details of New Zealand Police where the person may apply for a review of the notice or for any variations to the notice to be considered:
vii: any other information required by regulations made under section 33
17: Limits on dispersal notices
A dispersal notice may not prevent any of the persons subject to the notice from associating in a public place if they are—
a: members of the same immediate family; or
b: doing so—
i: because they are in legal custody, serving a sentence, appearing in court, subject to a court order, or subject to an order or conditions imposed by or under legislation; or
ii: for work, education, or health care purposes.
18: Variation of dispersal notice for specified reasons
1: A person issued with a dispersal notice may apply to a qualified constable to vary the terms of the notice to allow the person to associate with a named person in a public place in order to—
a: attend a specified tangi or funeral; or
b: participate in any other specified lawful activity.
2: The application must be made—
a: in writing; and
b: during the period in which the dispersal notice is in effect.
3: A qualified constable may vary the notice if satisfied that—
a: the proposed variation relates to an activity referred to in subsection (1)(a) or (b); and
b: granting the variation would not unreasonably disrupt the activities of other members of the public.
4: The application must be decided, and the decision must be communicated to the applicant, within 48 hours after the application is made. Offence
19: Breach of dispersal notice
1: A person commits an offence if the person—
a: has been served with a dispersal notice; and
b: knowingly, and without reasonable excuse, associates with a named person in a public place during the period in which the notice is in effect.
2: A person who commits an offence against subsection (1) is liable on conviction to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months or a fine not exceeding $5,000. Review of notice
20: Review of dispersal notice
1: A person issued with a dispersal notice may apply to the Commissioner of Police for a review of the notice if the person believes that the notice was not issued in accordance with the requirements of this Act.
2: The application must be made—
a: in writing; and
b: during the period in which the dispersal notice is in effect.
3: After reviewing the application, the Commissioner of Police—
a: may uphold, vary, or revoke the dispersal notice; but
b: must revoke the dispersal notice (by giving written notice to the applicant) if satisfied that any of the following apply:
i: the person to whom the notice was issued is not a gang member:
ii: the gathering to which the notice relates—
A: did not occur in a public place; or
B: did not consist of 3 or more gang members:
iii: issuing the notice was not necessary to avoid unreasonably disrupting the activities of other members of the public:
iv: the notice was issued in contravention of section 10(3)
4: The application must be decided, and the decision must be communicated to the applicant, within 48 hours after the application is made.
5: If the notice is revoked, the revocation takes effect on the date and at the time specified in the revocation notice.
6: A dispersal notice ceases to have effect if a decision is not made, or is not communicated, within the time frame specified in subsection (4).
2: Non-consorting orders
21: Power to make non-consorting orders
1: The District Court must, on hearing an application made by the Commissioner of Police, make a non-consorting order in respect of a person if satisfied that—
a: the Commissioner of Police has given notice of the application to the person; and
b: the person is a specified gang offender; and
c: the order would specify another specified gang offender or other specified gang offenders with whom the person may not consort; and
d: the order would assist in disrupting or restricting the capacity of the person to engage in conduct that amounts to a serious offence.
2: The application must be made in accordance with the rules of the District Court for originating applications.
3: Notice of the application must be given in accordance with the rules of the District Court for personal service.
4: The District Court may not make a non-consorting order in respect of a person if satisfied that the person has shown that its detrimental effects on the person outweigh its societal benefits. Duration and terms of order
22: Duration of non-consorting order
A non-consorting order takes effect when it is made and continues in effect (unless earlier discharged) for 3 years.
23: Terms of non-consorting order
A non-consorting order must specify—
a: the name of the person to whom the order applies; and
b: the name of each specified gang offender with whom the person may not consort; and
c: the duration of the order.
24: Limits on non-consorting orders
A non-consorting order may not prevent a specified gang offender from consorting with another specified gang offender if they are—
a: members of the same immediate family; or
b: doing so—
i: because they are in legal custody, serving a sentence, appearing in court, subject to a court order, or subject to an order or conditions imposed by or under legislation; or
ii: for work, education, or health care purposes. Offence
25: Breach of non-consorting order
1: A person commits an offence if the person—
a: is subject to a non-consorting order; and
b: knowingly, and without reasonable excuse, breaches the order.
2: A person who commits an offence against subsection (1) is liable on conviction to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 5 years or a fine not exceeding $15,000. 2015 No 70 s 47 2021 No 36 s 171 Variation and discharge of order
26: Variation or discharge
1: The District Court may vary or discharge a non-consorting order on application by—
a: the Commissioner of Police; or
b: a person subject to the order.
2: The District Court must discharge a non-consorting order in respect of a person if satisfied that the person is no longer—
a: a gang member; and
b: considered at risk of committing a serious offence.
3: A varied non-consorting order takes effect and expires, and may be varied or discharged, in the same way as one that has not been varied. 2002 No 10 s 107M(1), (4) 2019 No 79 s 27
27: Variation of non-consorting order for specified reasons
1: The District Court may, on application by a person subject to a non-consorting order, vary the terms of the order to allow the person to—
a: attend a specified tangi or funeral; or
b: participate in any other specified lawful activity.
2: The application must be determined as soon as practicable. 2019 No 79 s 15(4) Proceedings
28: Civil proceedings
Proceedings in respect of non-consorting orders, other than those under section 25
4: Miscellaneous provisions
Standard of proof
29: Standard of proof
1: This section applies to a question of fact arising in a proceeding—
a: that is a proceeding under this Act; and
b: that is not a proceeding for an offence against this Act.
2: The question must be decided on the balance of probabilities. 2019 No 79 s 31 Filing charging document
30: Filing charging document for offence
Only a constable may file a charging document for an offence against this Act. 2009 No 1 (L) s 15 2013 No 56 s 9 Application of Evidence Act 2006
31: Application of Evidence Act 2006
1: A Judge may apply section 128
2: Subsection (1) does not limit section 128 2013 No 56 s 6(3) Secondary legislation
32: Power to amend Schedule 2 by Order in Council
1: The Governor-General may, by Order in Council made on the recommendation of the Minister of Police, amend Schedule 2
a: add the name of an organisation, association, or group of persons identified as a gang for the purposes of this Act to the schedule:
b: remove the name of an organisation, association, or group of persons identified as a gang for the purposes of this Act from the schedule.
2: The Minister of Police may not make a recommendation under subsection (1)(a) unless satisfied on reasonable grounds that the organisation, association, or group proposed to be identified—
a: has a common name or common identifying signs, symbols, or representations; and
b: is currently active in New Zealand; and
c: has members or associates who individually or collectively have, within the previous 5 years, engaged in conduct that amounts to—
i: a category 3 offence or category 4 offence (as defined in section 6(1)
ii: an offence under the law of another jurisdiction that, if committed in New Zealand, would be a category 3 offence or category 4 offence (as defined in section 6(1)
3: Nothing in subsection (2)(c) applies to conduct that consists primarily of civil disobedience for the purpose of political activism.
4: The Minister of Police may not make a recommendation under subsection (1)(b) unless satisfied on reasonable grounds that the organisation, association, or group previously identified no longer has the characteristics specified in subsection (2).
5: The Minister of Police must review the list of identified gangs in Schedule 2
a: before making a recommendation under subsection (1)(a) or (b); and
b: within 5 years after the commencement of this Act if no recommendation has been made during that period.
6: The Minister of Police must review the list of identified gangs in Schedule 2
7: An order made under this section is secondary legislation ( see Part 3 2013 No 56 s 5 The following table is small in size and has 3 columns that are grouped under the heading Legislation Act 2019 requirements for secondary legislation made under this section. Legislation Act 2019 requirements for secondary legislation made under this section Publication PCO must publish it on the legislation website and notify it in the Gazette LA19 s 69(1)(c) Presentation The Minister must present it to the House of Representatives LA19 s 114 Disallowance It may be disallowed by the House of Representatives LA19 ss 115 116 This note is not part of the Act.
33: Regulations
1: The Governor-General may, by Order in Council, make regulations for all or any of the following purposes:
a: providing for anything that this Act says may or must be provided for by regulations; and
b: providing for anything incidental that is necessary for carrying out, or giving full effect to, this Act.
2: Regulations made under this section are secondary legislation ( see Part 3 The following table is small in size and has 3 columns that are grouped under the heading Legislation Act 2019 requirements for secondary legislation made under this section. Legislation Act 2019 requirements for secondary legislation made under this section Publication PCO must publish it on the legislation website and notify it in the Gazette LA19 s 69(1)(c) Presentation The Minister must present it to the House of Representatives LA19 s 114 Disallowance It may be disallowed by the House of Representatives LA19 ss 115 116 This note is not part of the Act. Amendment to Legal Services Act 2011
34: Principal Act
Section 35 Legal Services Act 2011 2024-11-21 Legal Services Act 2011
35: Section 4 amended (Interpretation)
In section 4(1) specified application
cc: by a person who is a respondent to an application under subpart 2 of Part 3 Gangs Act 2024 Amendment to District Courts Fees Regulations 2009 Heading editorial change made by the PCO 19 November 2024 sections 86(1) 87(l)(iii) Legislation Act 2019
36: Principal regulations
Section 37 District Courts Fees Regulations 2009 2024-11-21 District Courts Fees Regulations 2009 Section 36 editorial change made by the PCO 19 November 2024 sections 86(1) 87(l)(iii) Legislation Act 2019
37: Regulation 3 amended (Application)
Replace regulation 3(2)(a)(vii)
vii: the Harmful Digital Communications Act 2015:
viii: the Gangs Act 2024; or Repeals, revocation, and consequential amendments
38: Repeals and revocation
1: The Prohibition of Gang Insignia in Government Premises Act 2013
2: The Wanganui District Council (Prohibition of Gang Insignia) Act 2009
3: The Prohibition of Gang Insignia in Government Premises Regulations 2018 2024-11-21 Prohibition of Gang Insignia in Government Premises Act 2013 2024-11-21 Wanganui District Council (Prohibition of Gang Insignia) Act 2009 2024-11-21 Prohibition of Gang Insignia in Government Premises Regulations 2018
39: Consequential amendments
Amend the legislation specified in Schedule 3 2024-11-21 Arms Act 1983 2024-11-21 Search and Surveillance Act 2012


Sentencing Amendment Act 2024

1: Title
This Act is the Sentencing Amendment Act 2024.
2: Commencement
This Act comes into force on 21 November 2024.
3: Principal Act
This Act amends the Sentencing Act 2002 2024-11-21 Sentencing Act 2002
4: Section 9 amended (Aggravating and mitigating factors)
Replace section 9(1)(hb)
hb: that the offender was, at the time of the offending,—
i: a participant in an organised criminal group (within the meaning of section 98A of the Crimes Act 1961); or
ii: involved in any other form of organised criminal association:
5: Schedule 1AA amended
In Schedule 1AA
a: insert the Part 5 set out in the Schedule
b: make all necessary consequential amendments.


1: Title
This Act is the Appropriation (2024/25 Estimates) Act 2024.
2: Commencement
This Act comes into force on the day after Royal assent.
3: Application
1: Section 7 Schedule 2 Schedule 2
2: The rest of this Act applies to the 2024/25 financial year.
4: Overview
This Act meets the requirements of the Public Finance Act 1989
a: section 6 Schedule 1 see section 4(1)
b: section 7 Schedule 2 see section 10
c: section 8 Schedule 3 see section 21
d: section 9 Schedule 4 see section 12A
e: section 10 Schedule 5
5: Interpretation
1: In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— 2024/25 financial year Estimates The Estimates of Appropriations for the Government of New Zealand for the Year Ending 30 June 2025 scope shown in the Estimates
a: in the case of an appropriation under section 6
i: in the table headed Annual Appropriations and Forecast Permanent Appropriations
ii: in the column headed Titles and Scopes of Appropriations by Appropriation Type
iii: in the statement directly under the title of the appropriation or, in the case of a multi-category appropriation, under the name of each of the individual categories that are included in the appropriation; and
b: in the case of an appropriation under section 7
i: in the table headed Multi-Year Appropriations
ii: in the column headed Type, Title, Scope and Period of Appropriations
iii: in the statement directly under the title of the appropriation.
2: Terms or expressions used and not defined in this Act but defined in the Public Finance Act 1989
6: Appropriations for 2024/25 financial year
Appropriations authorised
1: Each amount specified in column 4 of Schedule 1 Schedule 1 Other matters concerning appropriations
2: Subsection (1) applies only to the extent that the appropriation authorised is of a type set out in section 7A(1)
3: The scope of each appropriation authorised by this section is the scope shown in the Estimates for the appropriation.
4: Each appropriation authorised by this section includes any expenses and capital expenditure that have been incurred—
a: under any Imprest Supply Act relating to the 2024/25 financial year; and
b: in advance, but within the scope, of the appropriation.
7: Appropriations applying for more than 1 financial year
Multi-year appropriations authorised
1: Each amount specified in column 5 of Schedule 2 Schedule 2 Other matters concerning multi-year appropriations
2: Subsection (1) applies only to the extent that the appropriation authorised is of a type set out in section 7A(1)
3: The scope of each appropriation authorised by this section is the scope shown in the Estimates for the appropriation.
4: Each appropriation authorised by this section—
a: is limited to the period specified in column 4 of Schedule 2
b: includes any expenses and capital expenditure that have been incurred—
i: under any Imprest Supply Act relating to the 2024/25 financial year; and
ii: in advance, but within the scope, of the appropriation.
8: Expenses under section 21 of Public Finance Act 1989
The appropriations to which output expenses may be charged under section 21 Schedule 3
9: Capital injections authorised for 2024/25 financial year
1: The Crown is authorised to make capital injections during the 2024/25 financial year to each department and Office of Parliament specified in column 1 of Schedule 4
2: The capital injections authorised by this section to a department or an Office of Parliament are limited to the amount specified in column 3 of Schedule 4
3: Each authorisation given by this section includes any capital injection that has been made—
a: under any Imprest Supply Act relating to the 2024/25 financial year; and
b: in advance of the authorisation.
10: Repeals
The Acts specified in Schedule 5 2024-10-01 Appropriation (2022/23 Confirmation and Validation) Act 2024 Appropriation (2023/24 Estimates) Act 2023 Appropriation (2023/24 Supplementary Estimates) Act 2024


1: Title
This Act is the Imprest Supply (Second for 2024/25) Act 2024.
2: Commencement
This Act comes into force on the day after Royal assent.
3: Repeal of this Act
This Act is repealed on the close of 30 June 2025. 2025-07-01 Imprest Supply (Second for 2024/25) Act 2024
4: Purposes
The purposes of this Act are—
a: to authorise expenses and capital expenditure to be incurred by the Crown and Offices of Parliament during the 2024/25 year in advance of appropriation in an Appropriation Act; and
b: to authorise capital injections to be made to departments and Offices of Parliament during the 2024/25 year in advance of authorisation under an Appropriation Act.
5: Interpretation
1: In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,— 2024/25 year capital expenditure section 2(1) department section 2(1) expenses section 2(1)
a: capital expenditure incurred by an intelligence and security department; and
b: non-departmental capital expenditure incurred in advance of a multi-category appropriation.
2: Terms or expressions used and not defined in this Act but defined in the Public Finance Act 1989
6: Authority to incur expenses
1: Expenses may, during the 2024/25 year, be incurred in advance of appropriation in relation to any Vote.
2: Expenses incurred under subsection (1) must not exceed in the aggregate the sum of $16,000 million.
7: Authority to incur capital expenditure
1: Capital expenditure may, during the 2024/25 year, be incurred in advance of appropriation in relation to any Vote.
2: Capital expenditure incurred under subsection (1) must not exceed in the aggregate the sum of $12,000 million.
8: Authority to make capital injections
1: Capital injections may, during the 2024/25 year, be made to any department or Office of Parliament in advance of authorisation under an Appropriation Act.
2: Capital injections made under subsection (1) must not exceed in the aggregate the sum of $1,000 million.