static size_t PSDPackbitsEncodeImage(Image *image,const size_t length,
  const unsigned char *pixels,unsigned char *compact_pixels,
  ExceptionInfo *exception)
{
  int
    count;

  register ssize_t
    i,
    j;

  register unsigned char
    *q;

  unsigned char
    *packbits;

  /*
    Compress pixels with Packbits encoding.
  */
  assert(image != (Image *) NULL);
  assert(image->signature == MagickCoreSignature);
  if (image->debug != MagickFalse)
    (void) LogMagickEvent(TraceEvent,GetMagickModule(),"%s",image->filename);
  assert(pixels != (unsigned char *) NULL);
  assert(compact_pixels != (unsigned char *) NULL);
  packbits=(unsigned char *) AcquireQuantumMemory(128UL,sizeof(*packbits));
  if (packbits == (unsigned char *) NULL)
    ThrowBinaryException(ResourceLimitError,"MemoryAllocationFailed",
      image->filename);
  q=compact_pixels;
  for (i=(ssize_t) length; i != 0; )
  {
    switch (i)
    {
      case 1:
      {
        i--;
        *q++=(unsigned char) 0;
        *q++=(*pixels);
        break;
      }
      case 2:
      {
        i-=2;
        *q++=(unsigned char) 1;
        *q++=(*pixels);
        *q++=pixels[1];
        break;
      }
      case 3:
      {
        i-=3;
        if ((*pixels == *(pixels+1)) && (*(pixels+1) == *(pixels+2)))
          {
            *q++=(unsigned char) ((256-3)+1);
            *q++=(*pixels);
            break;
          }
        *q++=(unsigned char) 2;
        *q++=(*pixels);
        *q++=pixels[1];
        *q++=pixels[2];
        break;
      }
      default:
      {
        if ((*pixels == *(pixels+1)) && (*(pixels+1) == *(pixels+2)))
          {
            /*
              Packed run.
            */
            count=3;
            while (((ssize_t) count < i) && (*pixels == *(pixels+count)))
            {
              count++;
              if (count >= 127)
                break;
            }
            i-=count;
            *q++=(unsigned char) ((256-count)+1);
            *q++=(*pixels);
            pixels+=count;
            break;
          }
        /*
          Literal run.
        */
        count=0;
        while ((*(pixels+count) != *(pixels+count+1)) ||
               (*(pixels+count+1) != *(pixels+count+2)))
        {
          packbits[count+1]=pixels[count];
          count++;
          if (((ssize_t) count >= (i-3)) || (count >= 127))
            break;
        }
        i-=count;
        *packbits=(unsigned char) (count-1);
        for (j=0; j <= (ssize_t) count; j++)
          *q++=packbits[j];
        pixels+=count;
        break;
      }
    }
  }
  *q++=(unsigned char) 128;  /* EOD marker */
  packbits=(unsigned char *) RelinquishMagickMemory(packbits);
  return((size_t) (q-compact_pixels));
}

Fixed memory leak.


static MagickBooleanType WritePSDImage(const ImageInfo *image_info,
  Image *image,ExceptionInfo *exception)
{
  char
    layer_name[MagickPathExtent];

  const char
    *property;

  const StringInfo
    *icc_profile,
    *info;

  Image
    *base_image,
    *next_image;

  MagickBooleanType
    status;

  MagickOffsetType
    *layer_size_offsets,
    size_offset;

  PSDInfo
    psd_info;

  register ssize_t
    i;

  size_t
    layer_count,
    layer_index,
    length,
    name_length,
    num_channels,
    packet_size,
    rounded_size,
    size;

  StringInfo
    *bim_profile;

  /*
    Open image file.
  */
  assert(image_info != (const ImageInfo *) NULL);
  assert(image_info->signature == MagickCoreSignature);
  assert(image != (Image *) NULL);
  assert(image->signature == MagickCoreSignature);
  if (image->debug != MagickFalse)
    (void) LogMagickEvent(TraceEvent,GetMagickModule(),"%s",image->filename);
  assert(exception != (ExceptionInfo *) NULL);
  assert(exception->signature == MagickCoreSignature);
  status=OpenBlob(image_info,image,WriteBinaryBlobMode,exception);
  if (status == MagickFalse)
    return(status);
  packet_size=(size_t) (image->depth > 8 ? 6 : 3);
  if (image->alpha_trait != UndefinedPixelTrait)
    packet_size+=image->depth > 8 ? 2 : 1;
  psd_info.version=1;
  if ((LocaleCompare(image_info->magick,"PSB") == 0) ||
      (image->columns > 30000) || (image->rows > 30000))
    psd_info.version=2;
  (void) WriteBlob(image,4,(const unsigned char *) "8BPS");
  (void) WriteBlobMSBShort(image,psd_info.version);  /* version */
  for (i=1; i <= 6; i++)
    (void) WriteBlobByte(image, 0);  /* 6 bytes of reserved */
  if (SetImageGray(image,exception) != MagickFalse)
    num_channels=(image->alpha_trait != UndefinedPixelTrait ? 2UL : 1UL);
  else
    if ((image_info->type != TrueColorType) && (image_info->type !=
         TrueColorAlphaType) && (image->storage_class == PseudoClass))
      num_channels=(image->alpha_trait != UndefinedPixelTrait ? 2UL : 1UL);
    else
      {
        if (image->storage_class == PseudoClass)
          (void) SetImageStorageClass(image,DirectClass,exception);
        if (image->colorspace != CMYKColorspace)
          num_channels=(image->alpha_trait != UndefinedPixelTrait ? 4UL : 3UL);
        else
          num_channels=(image->alpha_trait != UndefinedPixelTrait ? 5UL : 4UL);
      }
  (void) WriteBlobMSBShort(image,(unsigned short) num_channels);
  (void) WriteBlobMSBLong(image,(unsigned int) image->rows);
  (void) WriteBlobMSBLong(image,(unsigned int) image->columns);
  if (IsImageGray(image) != MagickFalse)
    {
      MagickBooleanType
        monochrome;

      /*
        Write depth & mode.
      */
      monochrome=IsImageMonochrome(image) && (image->depth == 1) ?
        MagickTrue : MagickFalse;
      (void) WriteBlobMSBShort(image,(unsigned short)
        (monochrome != MagickFalse ? 1 : image->depth > 8 ? 16 : 8));
      (void) WriteBlobMSBShort(image,(unsigned short)
        (monochrome != MagickFalse ? BitmapMode : GrayscaleMode));
    }
  else
    {
      (void) WriteBlobMSBShort(image,(unsigned short) (image->storage_class ==
        PseudoClass ? 8 : image->depth > 8 ? 16 : 8));

      if (((image_info->colorspace != UndefinedColorspace) ||
           (image->colorspace != CMYKColorspace)) &&
          (image_info->colorspace != CMYKColorspace))
        {
          (void) TransformImageColorspace(image,sRGBColorspace,exception);
          (void) WriteBlobMSBShort(image,(unsigned short)
            (image->storage_class == PseudoClass ? IndexedMode : RGBMode));
        }
      else
        {
          if (image->colorspace != CMYKColorspace)
            (void) TransformImageColorspace(image,CMYKColorspace,exception);
          (void) WriteBlobMSBShort(image,CMYKMode);
        }
    }
  if ((IsImageGray(image) != MagickFalse) ||
      (image->storage_class == DirectClass) || (image->colors > 256))
    (void) WriteBlobMSBLong(image,0);
  else
    {
      /*
        Write PSD raster colormap.
      */
      (void) WriteBlobMSBLong(image,768);
      for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) image->colors; i++)
        (void) WriteBlobByte(image,ScaleQuantumToChar(image->colormap[i].red));
      for ( ; i < 256; i++)
        (void) WriteBlobByte(image,0);
      for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) image->colors; i++)
        (void) WriteBlobByte(image,ScaleQuantumToChar(
          image->colormap[i].green));
      for ( ; i < 256; i++)
        (void) WriteBlobByte(image,0);
      for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) image->colors; i++)
        (void) WriteBlobByte(image,ScaleQuantumToChar(image->colormap[i].blue));
      for ( ; i < 256; i++)
        (void) WriteBlobByte(image,0);
    }
  /*
    Image resource block.
  */
  length=28; /* 0x03EB */
  bim_profile=(StringInfo *) GetImageProfile(image,"8bim");
  icc_profile=GetImageProfile(image,"icc");
  if (bim_profile != (StringInfo *) NULL)
    {
      bim_profile=CloneStringInfo(bim_profile);
      if (icc_profile != (StringInfo *) NULL)
        RemoveICCProfileFromResourceBlock(bim_profile);
      RemoveResolutionFromResourceBlock(bim_profile);
      length+=PSDQuantum(GetStringInfoLength(bim_profile));
    }
  if (icc_profile != (const StringInfo *) NULL)
    length+=PSDQuantum(GetStringInfoLength(icc_profile))+12;
  (void) WriteBlobMSBLong(image,(unsigned int) length);
  WriteResolutionResourceBlock(image);
  if (bim_profile != (StringInfo *) NULL)
    {
      (void) WriteBlob(image,GetStringInfoLength(bim_profile),
        GetStringInfoDatum(bim_profile));
      bim_profile=DestroyStringInfo(bim_profile);
    }
  if (icc_profile != (StringInfo *) NULL)
    {
      (void) WriteBlob(image,4,(const unsigned char *) "8BIM");
      (void) WriteBlobMSBShort(image,0x0000040F);
      (void) WriteBlobMSBShort(image,0);
      (void) WriteBlobMSBLong(image,(unsigned int) GetStringInfoLength(
        icc_profile));
      (void) WriteBlob(image,GetStringInfoLength(icc_profile),
        GetStringInfoDatum(icc_profile));
      if ((MagickOffsetType) GetStringInfoLength(icc_profile) !=
          PSDQuantum(GetStringInfoLength(icc_profile)))
        (void) WriteBlobByte(image,0);
    }
  base_image=GetNextImageInList(image);
  if (base_image == (Image *) NULL)
    base_image=image;
  size=0;
  size_offset=TellBlob(image);
  SetPSDSize(&psd_info,image,0);
  SetPSDSize(&psd_info,image,0);
  layer_count=0;
  for (next_image=base_image; next_image != NULL; )
  {
    layer_count++;
    next_image=GetNextImageInList(next_image);
  }
  if (image->alpha_trait != UndefinedPixelTrait)
    size+=WriteBlobMSBShort(image,-(unsigned short) layer_count);
  else
    size+=WriteBlobMSBShort(image,(unsigned short) layer_count);
  layer_size_offsets=(MagickOffsetType *) AcquireQuantumMemory(
    (size_t) layer_count,sizeof(MagickOffsetType));
  if (layer_size_offsets == (MagickOffsetType *) NULL)
    ThrowWriterException(ResourceLimitError,"MemoryAllocationFailed");
  layer_index=0;
  for (next_image=base_image; next_image != NULL; )
  {
    Image
      *mask;

    unsigned char
      default_color;

    unsigned short
      channels,
      total_channels;

    mask=(Image *) NULL;
    property=GetImageArtifact(next_image,"psd:opacity-mask");
    default_color=0;
    if (property != (const char *) NULL)
      {
        mask=(Image *) GetImageRegistry(ImageRegistryType,property,exception);
        default_color=strlen(property) == 9 ? 255 : 0;
      }
    size+=WriteBlobMSBLong(image,(unsigned int) next_image->page.y);
    size+=WriteBlobMSBLong(image,(unsigned int) next_image->page.x);
    size+=WriteBlobMSBLong(image,(unsigned int) (next_image->page.y+
      next_image->rows));
    size+=WriteBlobMSBLong(image,(unsigned int) (next_image->page.x+
      next_image->columns));
    channels=1U;
    if ((next_image->storage_class != PseudoClass) &&
        (IsImageGray(next_image) == MagickFalse))
      channels=next_image->colorspace == CMYKColorspace ? 4U : 3U;
    total_channels=channels;
    if (next_image->alpha_trait != UndefinedPixelTrait)
      total_channels++;
    if (mask != (Image *) NULL)
      total_channels++;
    size+=WriteBlobMSBShort(image,total_channels);
    layer_size_offsets[layer_index++]=TellBlob(image);
    for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) channels; i++)
      size+=WriteChannelSize(&psd_info,image,(signed short) i);
    if (next_image->alpha_trait != UndefinedPixelTrait)
      size+=WriteChannelSize(&psd_info,image,-1);
    if (mask != (Image *) NULL)
      size+=WriteChannelSize(&psd_info,image,-2);
    size+=WriteBlob(image,4,(const unsigned char *) "8BIM");
    size+=WriteBlob(image,4,(const unsigned char *)
      CompositeOperatorToPSDBlendMode(next_image->compose));
    property=GetImageArtifact(next_image,"psd:layer.opacity");
    if (property != (const char *) NULL)
      {
        Quantum
          opacity;

        opacity=(Quantum) StringToInteger(property);
        size+=WriteBlobByte(image,ScaleQuantumToChar(opacity));
        (void) ApplyPSDLayerOpacity(next_image,opacity,MagickTrue,exception);
      }
    else
      size+=WriteBlobByte(image,255);
    size+=WriteBlobByte(image,0);
    size+=WriteBlobByte(image,next_image->compose==NoCompositeOp ?
      1 << 0x02 : 1); /* layer properties - visible, etc. */
    size+=WriteBlobByte(image,0);
    info=GetAdditionalInformation(image_info,next_image,exception);
    property=(const char *) GetImageProperty(next_image,"label",exception);
    if (property == (const char *) NULL)
      {
        (void) FormatLocaleString(layer_name,MagickPathExtent,"L%.20g",
          (double) layer_index);
        property=layer_name;
      }
    name_length=strlen(property)+1;
    if ((name_length % 4) != 0)
      name_length+=(4-(name_length % 4));
    if (info != (const StringInfo *) NULL)
      name_length+=GetStringInfoLength(info);
    name_length+=8;
    if (mask != (Image *) NULL)
      name_length+=20;
    size+=WriteBlobMSBLong(image,(unsigned int) name_length);
    if (mask == (Image *) NULL)
      size+=WriteBlobMSBLong(image,0);
    else
      {
        if (mask->compose != NoCompositeOp)
          (void) ApplyPSDOpacityMask(next_image,mask,ScaleCharToQuantum(
            default_color),MagickTrue,exception);
        mask->page.y+=image->page.y;
        mask->page.x+=image->page.x;
        size+=WriteBlobMSBLong(image,20);
        size+=WriteBlobMSBSignedLong(image,mask->page.y);
        size+=WriteBlobMSBSignedLong(image,mask->page.x);
        size+=WriteBlobMSBLong(image,(const unsigned int) mask->rows+
          mask->page.y);
        size+=WriteBlobMSBLong(image,(const unsigned int) mask->columns+
          mask->page.x);
        size+=WriteBlobByte(image,default_color);
        size+=WriteBlobByte(image,mask->compose == NoCompositeOp ? 2 : 0);
        size+=WriteBlobMSBShort(image,0);
      }
    size+=WriteBlobMSBLong(image,0);
    size+=WritePascalString(image,property,4);
    if (info != (const StringInfo *) NULL)
      size+=WriteBlob(image,GetStringInfoLength(info),
        GetStringInfoDatum(info));
    next_image=GetNextImageInList(next_image);
  }
  /*
    Now the image data!
  */
  next_image=base_image;
  layer_index=0;
  while (next_image != NULL)
  {
    length=WritePSDChannels(&psd_info,image_info,image,next_image,
      layer_size_offsets[layer_index++],MagickTrue,exception);
    if (length == 0)
      {
        status=MagickFalse;
        break;
      }
    size+=length;
    next_image=GetNextImageInList(next_image);
  }
  (void) WriteBlobMSBLong(image,0);  /* user mask data */
  /*
    Write the total size
  */
  size_offset+=WritePSDSize(&psd_info,image,size+
    (psd_info.version == 1 ? 8 : 16),size_offset);
  if ((size/2) != ((size+1)/2))
    rounded_size=size+1;
  else
    rounded_size=size;
  (void) WritePSDSize(&psd_info,image,rounded_size,size_offset);
  layer_size_offsets=RelinquishMagickMemory(layer_size_offsets);
  /*
    Remove the opacity mask from the registry
  */
  next_image=base_image;
  while (next_image != (Image *) NULL)
  {
    property=GetImageArtifact(next_image,"psd:opacity-mask");
    if (property != (const char *) NULL)
      DeleteImageRegistry(property);
    next_image=GetNextImageInList(next_image);
  }
  /*
    Write composite image.
  */
  if (status != MagickFalse)
    {
      CompressionType
        compression;

      compression=image->compression;
      if (image->compression == ZipCompression)
        image->compression=RLECompression;
      if (WritePSDChannels(&psd_info,image_info,image,image,0,MagickFalse,
          exception) == 0)
        status=MagickFalse;
      image->compression=compression;
    }
  (void) CloseBlob(image);
  return(status);
}

Fixed memory leak.

#define PSDQuantum(x) (((ssize_t) (x)+1) & -2)

typedef enum
{
  BitmapMode = 0,
  GrayscaleMode = 1,
  IndexedMode = 2,
  RGBMode = 3,
  CMYKMode = 4,
  MultichannelMode = 7,
  DuotoneMode = 8,
  LabMode = 9
} PSDImageType;

typedef struct _ChannelInfo
{
  short int
    type;

  size_t
    size;
} ChannelInfo;

typedef struct _MaskInfo
{
  Image
    *image;

  RectangleInfo
    page;

  unsigned char
    background,
    flags;
} MaskInfo;

typedef struct _LayerInfo
{
  ChannelInfo
    channel_info[MaxPSDChannels];

  char
    blendkey[4];

  Image
    *image;

  MaskInfo
    mask;

  Quantum
    opacity;

  RectangleInfo
    page;

  size_t
    offset_x,
    offset_y;

  unsigned char
    clipping,
    flags,
    name[256],
    visible;

  unsigned short
    channels;

  StringInfo
    *info;
} LayerInfo;

static MagickBooleanType
  WritePSDImage(const ImageInfo *,Image *,ExceptionInfo *);


static size_t WritePSDChannel(const PSDInfo *psd_info,
  const ImageInfo *image_info,Image *image,Image *next_image,
  const QuantumType quantum_type, unsigned char *compact_pixels,
  MagickOffsetType size_offset,const MagickBooleanType separate,
  ExceptionInfo *exception)
{
  int
    y;

  MagickBooleanType
    monochrome;

  QuantumInfo
    *quantum_info;

  register const Quantum
    *p;

  register ssize_t
    i;

  size_t
    count,
    length;

  unsigned char
    *pixels;

#ifdef MAGICKCORE_ZLIB_DELEGATE

#define CHUNK 16384

  int
    flush,
    level;

  unsigned char
    *compressed_pixels;

  z_stream
    stream;

  compressed_pixels=(unsigned char *) NULL;
  flush=Z_NO_FLUSH;
#endif
  count=0;
  if (separate != MagickFalse)
    {
      size_offset=TellBlob(image)+2;
      count+=WriteCompressionStart(psd_info,image,next_image,1);
    }
  if (next_image->depth > 8)
    next_image->depth=16;
  monochrome=IsImageMonochrome(image) && (image->depth == 1) ?
    MagickTrue : MagickFalse;
  quantum_info=AcquireQuantumInfo(image_info,image);
  if (quantum_info == (QuantumInfo *) NULL)
    return(0);
  pixels=(unsigned char *) GetQuantumPixels(quantum_info);
#ifdef MAGICKCORE_ZLIB_DELEGATE
  if (next_image->compression == ZipCompression)
    {
      compressed_pixels=AcquireQuantumMemory(CHUNK,sizeof(*compressed_pixels));
      if (compressed_pixels == (unsigned char *) NULL)
        {
          quantum_info=DestroyQuantumInfo(quantum_info);
          return(0);
        }
      ResetMagickMemory(&stream,0,sizeof(stream));
      stream.data_type=Z_BINARY;
      level=Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION;
      if ((image_info->quality > 0 && image_info->quality < 10))
        level=(int) image_info->quality;
      if (deflateInit(&stream,level) != Z_OK)
        {
          quantum_info=DestroyQuantumInfo(quantum_info);
          return(0);
        }
    }
#endif
  for (y=0; y < (ssize_t) next_image->rows; y++)
  {
    p=GetVirtualPixels(next_image,0,y,next_image->columns,1,exception);
    if (p == (const Quantum *) NULL)
      break;
    length=ExportQuantumPixels(next_image,(CacheView *) NULL,quantum_info,
      quantum_type,pixels,exception);
    if (monochrome != MagickFalse)
      for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) length; i++)
        pixels[i]=(~pixels[i]);
    if (next_image->compression == RLECompression)
      {
        length=PSDPackbitsEncodeImage(image,length,pixels,compact_pixels,
          exception);
        count+=WriteBlob(image,length,compact_pixels);
        size_offset+=WritePSDOffset(psd_info,image,length,size_offset);
      }
#ifdef MAGICKCORE_ZLIB_DELEGATE
    else if (next_image->compression == ZipCompression)
      {
        stream.avail_in=(uInt) length;
        stream.next_in=(Bytef *) pixels;
        if (y == (ssize_t) next_image->rows-1)
          flush=Z_FINISH;
        do {
            stream.avail_out=(uInt) CHUNK;
            stream.next_out=(Bytef *) compressed_pixels;
            if (deflate(&stream,flush) == Z_STREAM_ERROR)
              break;
            length=(size_t) CHUNK-stream.avail_out;
            if (length > 0)
              count+=WriteBlob(image,length,compressed_pixels);
        } while (stream.avail_out == 0);
      }
#endif
    else
      count+=WriteBlob(image,length,pixels);
  }
#ifdef MAGICKCORE_ZLIB_DELEGATE
  if (next_image->compression == ZipCompression)
    {
      (void) deflateEnd(&stream);
      compressed_pixels=(unsigned char *) RelinquishMagickMemory(
        compressed_pixels);
    }
#endif
  quantum_info=DestroyQuantumInfo(quantum_info);
  return(count);
}

Fixed memory leak.

#define MaxPSDChannels  56

#define PSDQuantum(x) (((ssize_t) (x)+1) & -2)

typedef struct _ChannelInfo
{
  short int
    type;

  size_t
    size;
} ChannelInfo;

typedef struct _MaskInfo
{
  Image
    *image;

  RectangleInfo
    page;

  unsigned char
    background,
    flags;
} MaskInfo;

typedef struct _LayerInfo
{
  ChannelInfo
    channel_info[MaxPSDChannels];

  char
    blendkey[4];

  Image
    *image;

  MaskInfo
    mask;

  Quantum
    opacity;

  RectangleInfo
    page;

  size_t
    offset_x,
    offset_y;

  unsigned char
    clipping,
    flags,
    name[256],
    visible;

  unsigned short
    channels;

  StringInfo
    *info;
} LayerInfo;

static MagickBooleanType
  WritePSDImage(const ImageInfo *,Image *,ExceptionInfo *);


static Image *ReadPSDImage(const ImageInfo *image_info,ExceptionInfo *exception)
{
  Image
    *image;

  MagickBooleanType
    has_merged_image,
    skip_layers;

  MagickOffsetType
    offset;

  MagickSizeType
    length;

  MagickBooleanType
    status;

  PSDInfo
    psd_info;

  register ssize_t
    i;

  ssize_t
    count;

  unsigned char
    *data;

  /*
    Open image file.
  */
  assert(image_info != (const ImageInfo *) NULL);
  assert(image_info->signature == MagickCoreSignature);
  if (image_info->debug != MagickFalse)
    (void) LogMagickEvent(TraceEvent,GetMagickModule(),"%s",
      image_info->filename);
  assert(exception != (ExceptionInfo *) NULL);
  assert(exception->signature == MagickCoreSignature);

  image=AcquireImage(image_info,exception);
  status=OpenBlob(image_info,image,ReadBinaryBlobMode,exception);
  if (status == MagickFalse)
    {
      image=DestroyImageList(image);
      return((Image *) NULL);
    }
  /*
    Read image header.
  */
  image->endian=MSBEndian;
  count=ReadBlob(image,4,(unsigned char *) psd_info.signature);
  psd_info.version=ReadBlobMSBShort(image);
  if ((count == 0) || (LocaleNCompare(psd_info.signature,"8BPS",4) != 0) ||
      ((psd_info.version != 1) && (psd_info.version != 2)))
    ThrowReaderException(CorruptImageError,"ImproperImageHeader");
  (void) ReadBlob(image,6,psd_info.reserved);
  psd_info.channels=ReadBlobMSBShort(image);
  if (psd_info.channels > MaxPSDChannels)
    ThrowReaderException(CorruptImageError,"MaximumChannelsExceeded");
  psd_info.rows=ReadBlobMSBLong(image);
  psd_info.columns=ReadBlobMSBLong(image);
  if ((psd_info.version == 1) && ((psd_info.rows > 30000) ||
      (psd_info.columns > 30000)))
    ThrowReaderException(CorruptImageError,"ImproperImageHeader");
  psd_info.depth=ReadBlobMSBShort(image);
  if ((psd_info.depth != 1) && (psd_info.depth != 8) && (psd_info.depth != 16))
    ThrowReaderException(CorruptImageError,"ImproperImageHeader");
  psd_info.mode=ReadBlobMSBShort(image);
  if (image->debug != MagickFalse)
    (void) LogMagickEvent(CoderEvent,GetMagickModule(),
      "  Image is %.20g x %.20g with channels=%.20g, depth=%.20g, mode=%s",
      (double) psd_info.columns,(double) psd_info.rows,(double)
      psd_info.channels,(double) psd_info.depth,ModeToString((PSDImageType)
      psd_info.mode));
  /*
    Initialize image.
  */
  image->depth=psd_info.depth;
  image->columns=psd_info.columns;
  image->rows=psd_info.rows;
  status=SetImageExtent(image,image->columns,image->rows,exception);
  if (status == MagickFalse)
    return(DestroyImageList(image));
  if (SetImageBackgroundColor(image,exception) == MagickFalse)
    {
      image=DestroyImageList(image);
      return((Image *) NULL);
    }
  if (psd_info.mode == LabMode)
    SetImageColorspace(image,LabColorspace,exception);
  if (psd_info.mode == CMYKMode)
    {
      SetImageColorspace(image,CMYKColorspace,exception);
      if (psd_info.channels > 4)
        SetImageAlphaChannel(image,ActivateAlphaChannel,exception);
    }
  else if ((psd_info.mode == BitmapMode) || (psd_info.mode == GrayscaleMode) ||
           (psd_info.mode == DuotoneMode))
    {
      status=AcquireImageColormap(image,psd_info.depth != 16 ? 256 : 65536,
        exception);
      if (status == MagickFalse)
        ThrowReaderException(ResourceLimitError,"MemoryAllocationFailed");
      if (image->debug != MagickFalse)
        (void) LogMagickEvent(CoderEvent,GetMagickModule(),
          "  Image colormap allocated");
      SetImageColorspace(image,GRAYColorspace,exception);
      if (psd_info.channels > 1)
        SetImageAlphaChannel(image,ActivateAlphaChannel,exception);
    }
  else
    if (psd_info.channels > 3)
      SetImageAlphaChannel(image,ActivateAlphaChannel,exception);
  /*
    Read PSD raster colormap only present for indexed and duotone images.
  */
  length=ReadBlobMSBLong(image);
  if (length != 0)
    {
      if (image->debug != MagickFalse)
        (void) LogMagickEvent(CoderEvent,GetMagickModule(),
          "  reading colormap");
      if (psd_info.mode == DuotoneMode)
        {
          /*
            Duotone image data;  the format of this data is undocumented.
          */
          data=(unsigned char *) AcquireQuantumMemory((size_t) length,
            sizeof(*data));
          if (data == (unsigned char *) NULL)
            ThrowReaderException(ResourceLimitError,"MemoryAllocationFailed");
          (void) ReadBlob(image,(size_t) length,data);
          data=(unsigned char *) RelinquishMagickMemory(data);
        }
      else
        {
          size_t
            number_colors;

          /*
            Read PSD raster colormap.
          */
          number_colors=length/3;
          if (number_colors > 65536)
            ThrowReaderException(CorruptImageError,"ImproperImageHeader");
          if (AcquireImageColormap(image,number_colors,exception) == MagickFalse)
            ThrowReaderException(ResourceLimitError,"MemoryAllocationFailed");
          for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) image->colors; i++)
            image->colormap[i].red=ScaleCharToQuantum((unsigned char)
              ReadBlobByte(image));
          for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) image->colors; i++)
            image->colormap[i].green=ScaleCharToQuantum((unsigned char)
              ReadBlobByte(image));
          for (i=0; i < (ssize_t) image->colors; i++)
            image->colormap[i].blue=ScaleCharToQuantum((unsigned char)
              ReadBlobByte(image));
          image->alpha_trait=UndefinedPixelTrait;
        }
    }
  if ((image->depth == 1) && (image->storage_class != PseudoClass))
    ThrowReaderException(CorruptImageError, "ImproperImageHeader");
  has_merged_image=MagickTrue;
  length=ReadBlobMSBLong(image);
  if (length != 0)
    {
      unsigned char
        *blocks;

      /*
        Image resources block.
      */
      if (image->debug != MagickFalse)
        (void) LogMagickEvent(CoderEvent,GetMagickModule(),
          "  reading image resource blocks - %.20g bytes",(double)
          ((MagickOffsetType) length));
      blocks=(unsigned char *) AcquireQuantumMemory((size_t) length,
        sizeof(*blocks));
      if (blocks == (unsigned char *) NULL)
        ThrowReaderException(ResourceLimitError,"MemoryAllocationFailed");
      count=ReadBlob(image,(size_t) length,blocks);
      if ((count != (ssize_t) length) || (length < 4) ||
          (LocaleNCompare((char *) blocks,"8BIM",4) != 0))
        {
          blocks=(unsigned char *) RelinquishMagickMemory(blocks);
          ThrowReaderException(CorruptImageError,"ImproperImageHeader");
        }
      ParseImageResourceBlocks(image,blocks,(size_t) length,&has_merged_image,
        exception);
      blocks=(unsigned char *) RelinquishMagickMemory(blocks);
    }
  /*
    Layer and mask block.
  */
  length=GetPSDSize(&psd_info,image);
  if (length == 8)
    {
      length=ReadBlobMSBLong(image);
      length=ReadBlobMSBLong(image);
    }
  offset=TellBlob(image);
  skip_layers=MagickFalse;
  if ((image_info->number_scenes == 1) && (image_info->scene == 0) &&
      (has_merged_image != MagickFalse))
    {
      if (image->debug != MagickFalse)
        (void) LogMagickEvent(CoderEvent,GetMagickModule(),
          "  read composite only");
      skip_layers=MagickTrue;
    }
  if (length == 0)
    {
      if (image->debug != MagickFalse)
        (void) LogMagickEvent(CoderEvent,GetMagickModule(),
          "  image has no layers");
    }
  else
    {
      if (ReadPSDLayers(image,image_info,&psd_info,skip_layers,exception) !=
          MagickTrue)
        {
          (void) CloseBlob(image);
          image=DestroyImageList(image);
          return((Image *) NULL);
        }

      /*
         Skip the rest of the layer and mask information.
      */
      SeekBlob(image,offset+length,SEEK_SET);
    }
  /*
    If we are only "pinging" the image, then we're done - so return.
  */
  if (image_info->ping != MagickFalse)
    {
      (void) CloseBlob(image);
      return(GetFirstImageInList(image));
    }
  /*
    Read the precombined layer, present for PSD < 4 compatibility.
  */
  if (image->debug != MagickFalse)
    (void) LogMagickEvent(CoderEvent,GetMagickModule(),
      "  reading the precombined layer");
  if ((has_merged_image != MagickFalse) || (GetImageListLength(image) == 1))
    has_merged_image=(MagickBooleanType) ReadPSDMergedImage(image_info,image,
      &psd_info,exception);
  if ((has_merged_image == MagickFalse) && (GetImageListLength(image) == 1) &&
      (length != 0))
    {
      SeekBlob(image,offset,SEEK_SET);
      status=ReadPSDLayers(image,image_info,&psd_info,MagickFalse,exception);
      if (status != MagickTrue)
        {
          (void) CloseBlob(image);
          image=DestroyImageList(image);
          return((Image *) NULL);
        }
    }
  if (has_merged_image == MagickFalse)
    {
      Image
        *merged;

      if (GetImageListLength(image) == 1)
        ThrowReaderException(CorruptImageError,"InsufficientImageDataInFile");
      SetImageAlphaChannel(image,TransparentAlphaChannel,exception);
      image->background_color.alpha=TransparentAlpha;
      image->background_color.alpha_trait=BlendPixelTrait;
      merged=MergeImageLayers(image,FlattenLayer,exception);
      ReplaceImageInList(&image,merged);
    }
  (void) CloseBlob(image);
  return(GetFirstImageInList(image));
}

Fixed memory leak.


static unsigned char *AcquireCompactPixels(const Image *image,
  ExceptionInfo *exception)
{
  size_t
    packet_size;

  unsigned char
    *compact_pixels;

  packet_size=image->depth > 8UL ? 2UL : 1UL;
  compact_pixels=(unsigned char *) AcquireQuantumMemory((9*
    image->columns)+1,packet_size*sizeof(*compact_pixels));
  if (compact_pixels == (unsigned char *) NULL)
    {
      (void) ThrowMagickException(exception,GetMagickModule(),
        ResourceLimitError,"MemoryAllocationFailed","`%s'",
        image->filename);
    }
  return(compact_pixels);
}

Fixed memory leak.


static MagickBooleanType ApplyPSDLayerOpacity(Image *image,Quantum opacity,
  MagickBooleanType revert,ExceptionInfo *exception)
{
  MagickBooleanType
    status;

  ssize_t
    y;

  if (image->debug != MagickFalse)
    (void) LogMagickEvent(CoderEvent,GetMagickModule(),
      "  applying layer opacity %.20g", (double) opacity);
  if (opacity == OpaqueAlpha)
    return(MagickTrue);
  image->alpha_trait=BlendPixelTrait;
  status=MagickTrue;
#if defined(MAGICKCORE_OPENMP_SUPPORT)
#pragma omp parallel for schedule(static,4) shared(status) \
  magick_threads(image,image,image->rows,1)
#endif
  for (y=0; y < (ssize_t) image->rows; y++)
  {
    register Quantum
      *magick_restrict q;

    register ssize_t
      x;

    if (status == MagickFalse)
      continue;
    q=GetAuthenticPixels(image,0,y,image->columns,1,exception);
    if (q == (Quantum *) NULL)
      {
        status=MagickFalse;
        continue;
      }
    for (x=0; x < (ssize_t) image->columns; x++)
    {
      if (revert == MagickFalse)
        SetPixelAlpha(image,(Quantum) (QuantumScale*(GetPixelAlpha(image,q))*
          opacity),q);
      else if (opacity > 0)
        SetPixelAlpha(image,(Quantum) (QuantumRange*(GetPixelAlpha(image,q)/
          (MagickRealType) opacity)),q);
      q+=GetPixelChannels(image);
    }
    if (SyncAuthenticPixels(image,exception) == MagickFalse)
      status=MagickFalse;
  }

  return(status);
}

Fixed memory leak.


static int connection_handle_write_state(request_st * const r, connection * const con) {
    do {
        /* only try to write if we have something in the queue */
        if (!chunkqueue_is_empty(&r->write_queue)) {
            if (r->http_version <= HTTP_VERSION_1_1) {
                int rc = connection_handle_write(r, con);
                if (rc != CON_STATE_WRITE) return rc;
            }
        } else if (r->resp_body_finished) {
            connection_set_state(r, CON_STATE_RESPONSE_END);
            return CON_STATE_RESPONSE_END;
        }

        if (r->handler_module && !r->resp_body_finished) {
            const plugin * const p = r->handler_module;
            int rc = p->handle_subrequest(r, p->data);
            switch(rc) {
            case HANDLER_WAIT_FOR_EVENT:
            case HANDLER_FINISHED:
            case HANDLER_GO_ON:
                break;
            case HANDLER_WAIT_FOR_FD:
                /* (In addition to waiting for dispatch from fdwaitqueue,
                 *  HTTP/2 connections may retry more frequently after any
                 *  activity occurs on connection or on other streams) */
                connection_fdwaitqueue_append(con);
                break;
            case HANDLER_COMEBACK:
            default:
                log_error(r->conf.errh, __FILE__, __LINE__,
                  "unexpected subrequest handler ret-value: %d %d",
                  con->fd, rc);
                __attribute_fallthrough__
            case HANDLER_ERROR:
                connection_set_state_error(r, CON_STATE_ERROR);
                return CON_STATE_ERROR;
            }
        }
    } while (r->http_version <= HTTP_VERSION_1_1
             && (!chunkqueue_is_empty(&r->write_queue)
                 ? con->is_writable > 0 && 0 == con->traffic_limit_reached
                 : r->resp_body_finished));

    return CON_STATE_WRITE;
}

[core] fix merging large headers across mult reads (fixes #3059)

(thx mitd)

x-ref:
  "Connections stuck in Close_Wait causing 100% cpu usage"
  https://redmine.lighttpd.net/issues/3059

#define connection_set_state(r, n) ((r)->state = (n))

__attribute_cold__
static connection *connection_init(server *srv);

static void connection_reset(connection *con);

server * const srv = con->srv;

request_st * const r = &con->request;

static handler_t connection_handle_read_post_state(request_st * const r);

static void connection_state_machine_h2 (request_st *h2r, connection *con);


void connection_graceful_shutdown_maint (server *srv) {
    connections * const conns = &srv->conns;
    const int graceful_expire =
      (srv->graceful_expire_ts && srv->graceful_expire_ts < log_epoch_secs);
    for (uint32_t ndx = 0; ndx < conns->used; ++ndx) {
        connection * const con = conns->ptr[ndx];
        int changed = 0;

        request_st * const r = &con->request;
        if (r->state == CON_STATE_CLOSE) {
            /* reduce remaining linger timeout to be
             * (from zero) *up to* one more second, but no more */
            if (HTTP_LINGER_TIMEOUT > 1)
                con->close_timeout_ts -= (HTTP_LINGER_TIMEOUT - 1);
            if (log_epoch_secs - con->close_timeout_ts > HTTP_LINGER_TIMEOUT)
                changed = 1;
        }
        else if (con->h2 && r->state == CON_STATE_WRITE) {
            h2_send_goaway(con, H2_E_NO_ERROR);
            if (0 == con->h2->rused && chunkqueue_is_empty(con->write_queue)) {
                connection_set_state(r, CON_STATE_RESPONSE_END);
                changed = 1;
            }
        }
        else if (r->state == CON_STATE_READ && con->request_count > 1
                 && chunkqueue_is_empty(con->read_queue)) {
            /* close connections in keep-alive waiting for next request */
            connection_set_state_error(r, CON_STATE_ERROR);
            changed = 1;
        }

        if (graceful_expire) {
            connection_set_state_error(r, CON_STATE_ERROR);
            changed = 1;
        }

        r->keep_alive = 0;            /* disable keep-alive */

        r->conf.bytes_per_second = 0;         /* disable rate limit */
        r->conf.global_bytes_per_second = 0;  /* disable rate limit */
        if (con->traffic_limit_reached) {
            con->traffic_limit_reached = 0;
            changed = 1;
        }

        if (changed) {
            connection_state_machine(con);
        }
    }
}

#define HTTP_LINGER_TIMEOUT 5

#define connection_set_state(r, n) ((r)->state = (n))

__attribute_cold__
static connection *connection_init(server *srv);

static void connection_reset(connection *con);

server * const srv = con->srv;

request_st * const r = &con->request;

static handler_t connection_handle_read_post_state(request_st * const r);

static void connection_state_machine_h2 (request_st *h2r, connection *con);


static chunk * connection_read_header_more(connection *con, chunkqueue *cq, chunk *c, const size_t olen) {
    /*(should not be reached by HTTP/2 streams)*/
    /*if (r->http_version == HTTP_VERSION_2) return NULL;*/
    /*(However, new connections over TLS may become HTTP/2 connections via ALPN
     * and return from this routine with r->http_version == HTTP_VERSION_2) */

    if ((NULL == c || NULL == c->next) && con->is_readable > 0) {
        con->read_idle_ts = log_epoch_secs;
        if (0 != con->network_read(con, cq, MAX_READ_LIMIT)) {
            request_st * const r = &con->request;
            connection_set_state_error(r, CON_STATE_ERROR);
        }
        /* check if switched to HTTP/2 (ALPN "h2" during TLS negotiation) */
        request_st * const r = &con->request;
        if (r->http_version == HTTP_VERSION_2) return NULL;
    }

    if (cq->first != cq->last && 0 != olen) {
        const size_t clen = chunkqueue_length(cq);
        size_t block = (olen + (16384-1)) & ~(16384-1);
        block += (block - olen > 1024 ? 0 : 16384);
        chunkqueue_compact_mem(cq, block > clen ? clen : block);
    }

    /* detect if data is added to chunk */
    c = cq->first;
    return (c && (size_t)c->offset + olen < buffer_string_length(c->mem))
      ? c
      : NULL;
}

__attribute_cold__
static connection *connection_init(server *srv);

static void connection_reset(connection *con);

server * const srv = con->srv;

request_st * const r = &con->request;

static handler_t connection_handle_read_post_state(request_st * const r);

static void connection_state_machine_h2 (request_st *h2r, connection *con);


static void connection_read_for_eos(connection * const con) {
	!con->is_ssl_sock
	  ? connection_read_for_eos_plain(con)
	  : connection_read_for_eos_ssl(con);
}


static int connection_write_cq(connection *con, chunkqueue *cq, off_t max_bytes) {
    request_st * const r = &con->request;
    return con->srv->network_backend_write(con->fd,cq,max_bytes,r->conf.errh);
}


static void connection_reset(connection *con) {
	request_st * const r = &con->request;
	request_reset(r);
	config_reset_config(r);
	r->bytes_read_ckpt = 0;
	r->bytes_written_ckpt = 0;
	con->is_readable = 1;

	con->bytes_written = 0;
	con->bytes_written_cur_second = 0;
	con->bytes_read = 0;
}


connection_write_throttled (const connection * const con, off_t max_bytes)
{
    const request_config * const restrict rconf = &con->request.conf;
    if (0 == rconf->global_bytes_per_second && 0 == rconf->bytes_per_second)
        return max_bytes;

    if (rconf->global_bytes_per_second) {
        off_t limit = (off_t)rconf->global_bytes_per_second
                    - *(rconf->global_bytes_per_second_cnt_ptr);
        if (max_bytes > limit)
            max_bytes = limit;
    }

    if (rconf->bytes_per_second) {
        off_t limit = (off_t)rconf->bytes_per_second
                    - con->bytes_written_cur_second;
        if (max_bytes > limit)
            max_bytes = limit;
    }

    return max_bytes > 0 ? max_bytes : 0; /*(0 == reached traffic limit)*/
}


void connections_free(server *srv) {
	connections * const conns = &srv->conns;
	for (uint32_t i = 0; i < conns->size; ++i) {
		connection *con = conns->ptr[i];
		request_st * const r = &con->request;

		connection_reset(con);
		if (con->write_queue != &r->write_queue)
			chunkqueue_free(con->write_queue);
		if (con->read_queue != &r->read_queue)
			chunkqueue_free(con->read_queue);
		request_free_data(r);

		free(con->plugin_ctx);
		buffer_free(con->dst_addr_buf);

		free(con);
	}

	free(conns->ptr);
	conns->ptr = NULL;
}


connection_handle_read_post_chunked (request_st * const r, chunkqueue * const cq, chunkqueue * const dst_cq)
{
    /* r->conf.max_request_size is in kBytes */
    const off_t max_request_size = (off_t)r->conf.max_request_size << 10;
    off_t te_chunked = r->te_chunked;
    do {
        off_t len = chunkqueue_length(cq);

        while (0 == te_chunked) {
            char *p;
            chunk *c = cq->first;
            if (NULL == c) break;
            force_assert(c->type == MEM_CHUNK);
            p = strchr(c->mem->ptr+c->offset, '\n');
            if (NULL != p) { /* found HTTP chunked header line */
                off_t hsz = p + 1 - (c->mem->ptr+c->offset);
                unsigned char *s = (unsigned char *)c->mem->ptr+c->offset;
                for (unsigned char u;(u=(unsigned char)hex2int(*s))!=0xFF;++s) {
                    if (te_chunked > (off_t)(1uLL<<(8*sizeof(off_t)-5))-1-2) {
                        log_error(r->conf.errh, __FILE__, __LINE__,
                          "chunked data size too large -> 400");
                        /* 400 Bad Request */
                        return http_response_reqbody_read_error(r, 400);
                    }
                    te_chunked <<= 4;
                    te_chunked |= u;
                }
                if (s == (unsigned char *)c->mem->ptr+c->offset) { /*(no hex)*/
                    log_error(r->conf.errh, __FILE__, __LINE__,
                      "chunked header invalid chars -> 400");
                    /* 400 Bad Request */
                    return http_response_reqbody_read_error(r, 400);
                }
                while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') ++s;
                if (*s != '\r' && *s != ';') {
                    log_error(r->conf.errh, __FILE__, __LINE__,
                      "chunked header invalid chars -> 400");
                    /* 400 Bad Request */
                    return http_response_reqbody_read_error(r, 400);
                }

                if (hsz >= 1024) {
                    /* prevent theoretical integer overflow
                     * casting to (size_t) and adding 2 (for "\r\n") */
                    log_error(r->conf.errh, __FILE__, __LINE__,
                      "chunked header line too long -> 400");
                    /* 400 Bad Request */
                    return http_response_reqbody_read_error(r, 400);
                }

                if (0 == te_chunked) {
                    /* do not consume final chunked header until
                     * (optional) trailers received along with
                     * request-ending blank line "\r\n" */
                    if (p[0] == '\r' && p[1] == '\n') {
                        /*(common case with no trailers; final \r\n received)*/
                        hsz += 2;
                    }
                    else {
                        /* trailers or final CRLF crosses into next cq chunk */
                        hsz -= 2;
                        do {
                            c = cq->first;
                            p = strstr(c->mem->ptr+c->offset+hsz, "\r\n\r\n");
                        } while (NULL == p
                                 && connection_handle_read_post_cq_compact(cq));
                        if (NULL == p) {
                            /*(effectively doubles max request field size
                             * potentially received by backend, if in the future
                             * these trailers are added to request headers)*/
                            if ((off_t)buffer_string_length(c->mem) - c->offset
                                < (off_t)r->conf.max_request_field_size) {
                                break;
                            }
                            else {
                                /* ignore excessively long trailers;
                                 * disable keep-alive on connection */
                                r->keep_alive = 0;
                                p = c->mem->ptr + buffer_string_length(c->mem)
                                  - 4;
                            }
                        }
                        hsz = p + 4 - (c->mem->ptr+c->offset);
                        /* trailers currently ignored, but could be processed
                         * here if 0 == (r->conf.stream_request_body &
                         *               & (FDEVENT_STREAM_REQUEST
                         *                 |FDEVENT_STREAM_REQUEST_BUFMIN))
                         * taking care to reject fields forbidden in trailers,
                         * making trailers available to CGI and other backends*/
                    }
                    chunkqueue_mark_written(cq, (size_t)hsz);
                    r->reqbody_length = dst_cq->bytes_in;
                    break; /* done reading HTTP chunked request body */
                }

                /* consume HTTP chunked header */
                chunkqueue_mark_written(cq, (size_t)hsz);
                len = chunkqueue_length(cq);

                if (0 !=max_request_size
                    && (max_request_size < te_chunked
                     || max_request_size - te_chunked < dst_cq->bytes_in)) {
                    log_error(r->conf.errh, __FILE__, __LINE__,
                      "request-size too long: %lld -> 413",
                      (long long)(dst_cq->bytes_in + te_chunked));
                    /* 413 Payload Too Large */
                    return http_response_reqbody_read_error(r, 413);
                }

                te_chunked += 2; /*(for trailing "\r\n" after chunked data)*/

                break; /* read HTTP chunked header */
            }

            /*(likely better ways to handle chunked header crossing chunkqueue
             * chunks, but this situation is not expected to occur frequently)*/
            if ((off_t)buffer_string_length(c->mem) - c->offset >= 1024) {
                log_error(r->conf.errh, __FILE__, __LINE__,
                  "chunked header line too long -> 400");
                /* 400 Bad Request */
                return http_response_reqbody_read_error(r, 400);
            }
            else if (!connection_handle_read_post_cq_compact(cq)) {
                break;
            }
        }
        if (0 == te_chunked) break;

        if (te_chunked > 2) {
            if (len > te_chunked-2) len = te_chunked-2;
            if (dst_cq->bytes_in + te_chunked <= 64*1024) {
                /* avoid buffering request bodies <= 64k on disk */
                chunkqueue_steal(dst_cq, cq, len);
            }
            else if (0 != chunkqueue_steal_with_tempfiles(dst_cq, cq, len,
                                                          r->conf.errh)) {
                /* 500 Internal Server Error */
                return http_response_reqbody_read_error(r, 500);
            }
            te_chunked -= len;
            len = chunkqueue_length(cq);
        }

        if (len < te_chunked) break;

        if (2 == te_chunked) {
            if (-1 == connection_handle_read_post_chunked_crlf(cq)) {
                log_error(r->conf.errh, __FILE__, __LINE__,
                  "chunked data missing end CRLF -> 400");
                /* 400 Bad Request */
                return http_response_reqbody_read_error(r, 400);
            }
            chunkqueue_mark_written(cq, 2);/*consume \r\n at end of chunk data*/
            te_chunked -= 2;
        }

    } while (!chunkqueue_is_empty(cq));

    r->te_chunked = te_chunked;
    return HANDLER_GO_ON;
}


static void connection_handle_close_state(connection *con) {
	connection_read_for_eos(con);

	if (log_epoch_secs - con->close_timeout_ts > HTTP_LINGER_TIMEOUT) {
		connection_close(con);
	}
}

#define HTTP_LINGER_TIMEOUT 5

__attribute_cold__
static connection *connection_init(server *srv);

static void connection_reset(connection *con);

server * const srv = con->srv;

request_st * const r = &con->request;

static handler_t connection_handle_read_post_state(request_st * const r);

static void connection_state_machine_h2 (request_st *h2r, connection *con);


connection_send_1xx (request_st * const r, connection * const con)
{
    /* Make best effort to send HTTP/1.1 1xx intermediate */
    /* (Note: if other modules set response headers *before* the
     *  handle_response_start hook, and the backends subsequently sends 1xx,
     *  then the response headers are sent here with 1xx and might be cleared
     *  by caller (http_response_parse_headers() and http_response_check_1xx()),
     *  instead of being sent with the final response.
     *  (e.g. mod_magnet setting response headers, then backend sending 103)) */

    chunkqueue * const cq = con->write_queue; /*(bypass r->write_queue)*/

    buffer * const b = chunkqueue_append_buffer_open(cq);
    buffer_copy_string_len(b, CONST_STR_LEN("HTTP/1.1 "));
    http_status_append(b, r->http_status);
    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < r->resp_headers.used; ++i) {
        const data_string * const ds = (data_string *)r->resp_headers.data[i];

        if (buffer_string_is_empty(&ds->value)) continue;
        if (buffer_string_is_empty(&ds->key)) continue;

        buffer_append_string_len(b, CONST_STR_LEN("\r\n"));
        buffer_append_string_buffer(b, &ds->key);
        buffer_append_string_len(b, CONST_STR_LEN(": "));
        buffer_append_string_buffer(b, &ds->value);
    }
    buffer_append_string_len(b, CONST_STR_LEN("\r\n\r\n"));
    chunkqueue_append_buffer_commit(cq);

    if (con->traffic_limit_reached)
        return 1; /* success; send later if throttled */

    return connection_write_1xx_info(r, con);
}


connection_revents_err (request_st * const r, connection * const con)
{
    /* defer handling FDEVENT_HUP and FDEVENT_ERR to here in order to
     * first attempt (in callers) to read data in kernel socket buffers */
    /*assert(con->revents_err & ~(FDEVENT_IN | FDEVENT_OUT));*/
    const int revents = (int)con->revents_err;
    con->revents_err = 0;

    if (r->state == CON_STATE_CLOSE)
        con->close_timeout_ts = log_epoch_secs - (HTTP_LINGER_TIMEOUT+1);
    else if (revents & FDEVENT_HUP)
        connection_set_state_error(r, CON_STATE_ERROR);
    else if (revents & FDEVENT_RDHUP) {
        int events = fdevent_fdnode_interest(con->fdn);
        events &= ~(FDEVENT_IN|FDEVENT_RDHUP);
        r->conf.stream_request_body &=
          ~(FDEVENT_STREAM_REQUEST_BUFMIN|FDEVENT_STREAM_REQUEST_POLLIN);
        r->conf.stream_request_body |= FDEVENT_STREAM_REQUEST_POLLRDHUP;
        con->is_readable = 1; /*(can read 0 for end-of-stream)*/
        if (chunkqueue_is_empty(con->read_queue)) r->keep_alive = 0;
        if (r->reqbody_length < -1)/*(transparent proxy mode; no more rd data)*/
            r->reqbody_length = r->reqbody_queue.bytes_in;
        if (sock_addr_get_family(&con->dst_addr) == AF_UNIX) {
            /* future: will getpeername() on AF_UNIX check if still connected?*/
            fdevent_fdnode_event_set(con->srv->ev, con->fdn, events);
        }
        else if (fdevent_is_tcp_half_closed(con->fd)) {
            /* Success of fdevent_is_tcp_half_closed() after FDEVENT_RDHUP
             * indicates TCP FIN received, but does not distinguish between
             * client shutdown(fd, SHUT_WR) and client close(fd).  Remove
             * FDEVENT_RDHUP so that we do not spin on ready event.  However,
             * a later TCP RST will not be detected until next write to socket.
             * future: might getpeername() to check for TCP RST on half-closed
             * sockets (without FDEVENT_RDHUP interest) when checking for write
             * timeouts once a second in server.c, though getpeername() on
             * Windows might not indicate this */
            r->conf.stream_request_body |= FDEVENT_STREAM_REQUEST_TCP_FIN;
            fdevent_fdnode_event_set(con->srv->ev, con->fdn, events);
        }
        else {
            /* Failure of fdevent_is_tcp_half_closed() indicates TCP RST
             * (or unable to tell (unsupported OS), though should not
             * be setting FDEVENT_RDHUP in that case) */
            connection_set_state_error(r, CON_STATE_ERROR);
        }
    }
    else if (revents & FDEVENT_ERR)  /* error, connection reset */
        connection_set_state_error(r, CON_STATE_ERROR);
    else
        log_error(r->conf.errh, __FILE__, __LINE__,
          "connection closed: poll() -> ??? %d", revents);
}


connection_state_machine (connection * const con)
{
    request_st * const r = &con->request;
    if (r->http_version == HTTP_VERSION_2)
        connection_state_machine_h2(r, con);
    else /* if (r->http_version <= HTTP_VERSION_1_1) */
        connection_state_machine_h1(r, con);
}


static handler_t connection_handle_fdevent(void * const context, const int revents) {
    connection * restrict con = context;
    const int is_ssl_sock = con->is_ssl_sock;

    joblist_append(con);

    if (revents & ~(FDEVENT_IN | FDEVENT_OUT))
        con->revents_err |= (revents & ~(FDEVENT_IN | FDEVENT_OUT));

    if (revents & (FDEVENT_IN | FDEVENT_OUT)) {
        if (is_ssl_sock) /*(ssl may read and write for both reads and writes)*/
            con->is_readable = con->is_writable = 1;
        else {
            if (revents & FDEVENT_IN)
                con->is_readable = 1;
            if (revents & FDEVENT_OUT)
                con->is_writable = 1;
        }
    }

    return HANDLER_FINISHED;
}


connection_state_machine_h2 (request_st * const h2r, connection * const con)
{
    h2con * const h2c = con->h2;

    if (h2c->sent_goaway <= 0
        && (chunkqueue_is_empty(con->read_queue) || h2_parse_frames(con))
        && con->is_readable > 0) {
        chunkqueue * const cq = con->read_queue;
        const off_t mark = cq->bytes_in;
        if (0 == con->network_read(con, cq, MAX_READ_LIMIT)) {
            if (mark < cq->bytes_in)
                h2_parse_frames(con);
        }
        else {
            /* network error; do not send GOAWAY, but pretend that we did */
            h2c->sent_goaway = H2_E_CONNECT_ERROR; /*any error (not NO_ERROR)*/
            connection_set_state_error(h2r, CON_STATE_ERROR);
        }
    }

    /* process requests on HTTP/2 streams */
    int resched = 0;
    if (h2c->sent_goaway <= 0 && h2c->rused) {
        /* coarse check for write throttling
         * (connection.kbytes-per-second, server.kbytes-per-second)
         * obtain an approximate limit, not refreshed per request_st,
         * even though we are not calculating response HEADERS frames
         * or frame overhead here */
        off_t max_bytes = con->is_writable > 0
          ? connection_write_throttle(con, MAX_WRITE_LIMIT)
          : 0;
        const off_t fsize = (off_t)h2c->s_max_frame_size;

        /* XXX: to avoid buffer bloat due to staging too much data in
         * con->write_queue, consider setting limit on how much is staged
         * for sending on con->write_queue: adjusting max_bytes down */

        /* XXX: TODO: process requests in stream priority order */
        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < h2c->rused; ++i) {
            request_st * const r = h2c->r[i];
            /* future: might track read/write interest per request
             * to avoid iterating through all active requests */

          #if 0
            const int log_state_handling = r->conf.log_state_handling;
            if (log_state_handling)
                log_error(r->conf.errh, __FILE__, __LINE__,
                  "state at enter %d %d %s", con->fd, r->h2id,
                  connection_get_state(r->state));
          #endif

            connection_state_machine_loop(r, con);

            if (r->resp_header_len && !chunkqueue_is_empty(&r->write_queue)
                && (r->resp_body_finished
                    || (r->conf.stream_response_body
                        & (FDEVENT_STREAM_RESPONSE
                          |FDEVENT_STREAM_RESPONSE_BUFMIN)))) {

                chunkqueue * const cq = &r->write_queue;
                off_t avail = chunkqueue_length(cq);
                if (avail > max_bytes)    avail = max_bytes;
                if (avail > fsize)        avail = fsize;
                if (avail > r->h2_swin)   avail = r->h2_swin;
                if (avail > h2r->h2_swin) avail = h2r->h2_swin;

                if (avail > 0) {
                    max_bytes -= avail;
                    h2_send_cqdata(r, con, cq, (uint32_t)avail);
                }

                if (r->resp_body_finished && chunkqueue_is_empty(cq)) {
                    connection_set_state(r, CON_STATE_RESPONSE_END);
                    if (r->conf.log_state_handling)
                        connection_state_machine_loop(r, con);
                }
                else if (avail) /*(do not spin if swin empty window)*/
                    resched |= (!chunkqueue_is_empty(cq));
            }

          #if 0
            if (log_state_handling)
                log_error(r->conf.errh, __FILE__, __LINE__,
                  "state at exit %d %d %s", con->fd, r->h2id,
                  connection_get_state(r->state));
          #endif

            if (r->state==CON_STATE_RESPONSE_END || r->state==CON_STATE_ERROR) {
                /*(trigger reschedule of con if frames pending)*/
                if (h2c->rused == sizeof(h2c->r)/sizeof(*h2c->r)
                    && !chunkqueue_is_empty(con->read_queue))
                    resched |= 1;
                h2_send_end_stream(r, con);
                h2_retire_stream(r, con);/*r invalidated;removed from h2c->r[]*/
                --i;/* adjust loop i; h2c->rused was modified to retire r */
            }
        }
    }

    if (h2c->sent_goaway > 0 && h2c->rused) {
        /* retire streams if an error has occurred
         * note: this is not done to other streams in the loop above
         * (besides the current stream in the loop) due to the specific
         * implementation above, where doing so would mess up the iterator */
        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < h2c->rused; ++i) {
            request_st * const r = h2c->r[i];
            /*assert(r->h2state == H2_STATE_CLOSED);*/
            h2_retire_stream(r, con);/*r invalidated;removed from h2c->r[]*/
            --i;/* adjust loop i; h2c->rused was modified to retire r */
        }
        /* XXX: ? should we discard con->write_queue
         *        and change h2r->state to CON_STATE_RESPONSE_END ? */
    }

    if (h2r->state == CON_STATE_WRITE) {
        /* write HTTP/2 frames to socket */
        if (!chunkqueue_is_empty(con->write_queue))
            connection_handle_write(h2r, con);

        if (chunkqueue_is_empty(con->write_queue)
            && 0 == h2c->rused && h2c->sent_goaway)
            connection_set_state(h2r, CON_STATE_RESPONSE_END);
    }

    if (h2r->state == CON_STATE_WRITE) {
        if (resched && !con->traffic_limit_reached)
            joblist_append(con);

        if (h2_want_read(con))
            h2r->conf.stream_request_body |=  FDEVENT_STREAM_REQUEST_POLLIN;
        else
            h2r->conf.stream_request_body &= ~FDEVENT_STREAM_REQUEST_POLLIN;
    }
    else /* e.g. CON_STATE_RESPONSE_END or CON_STATE_ERROR */
        connection_state_machine_loop(h2r, con);

    connection_set_fdevent_interest(h2r, con);
}


connection_discard_blank_line (chunkqueue * const cq, uint32_t header_len)
{
    /*(separate func only to be able to mark with compiler hint as cold)*/
    chunkqueue_mark_written(cq, header_len);
    return cq->first; /* refresh c after chunkqueue_mark_written() */
}

server * const srv = con->srv;

request_st * const r = &con->request;

static handler_t connection_handle_read_post_state(request_st * const r);


void connection_periodic_maint (server * const srv, const time_t cur_ts) {
    /* check all connections for timeouts */
    connections * const conns = &srv->conns;
    for (size_t ndx = 0; ndx < conns->used; ++ndx) {
        connection_check_timeout(conns->ptr[ndx], cur_ts);
    }
}


connection_write_1xx_info (request_st * const r, connection * const con)
{
    /* (Note: prior 1xx intermediate responses may be present in cq) */
    /* (Note: also choosing not to update con->write_request_ts
     *  which differs from connection_write_chunkqueue()) */
    chunkqueue * const cq = con->write_queue;
    off_t written = cq->bytes_out;

    int rc = con->network_write(con, cq, MAX_WRITE_LIMIT);

    written = cq->bytes_out - written;
    con->bytes_written += written;
    con->bytes_written_cur_second += written;
    if (r->conf.global_bytes_per_second_cnt_ptr)
        *(r->conf.global_bytes_per_second_cnt_ptr) += written;

    if (rc < 0) {
        connection_set_state_error(r, CON_STATE_ERROR);
        return 0; /* error */
    }

    if (!chunkqueue_is_empty(cq)) { /* partial write (unlikely) */
        con->is_writable = 0;
        if (cq == &r->write_queue) {
            /* save partial write of 1xx in separate chunkqueue
             * Note: sending of remainder of 1xx might be delayed
             * until next set of response headers are sent */
            con->write_queue = chunkqueue_init(NULL);
            chunkqueue_append_chunkqueue(con->write_queue, cq);
        }
    }

  #if 0
    /* XXX: accounting inconsistency
     * 1xx is not currently included in r->resp_header_len,
     * so mod_accesslog reporting of %b or %B (FORMAT_BYTES_OUT_NO_HEADER)
     * reports all bytes out minus len of final response headers,
     * but including 1xx intermediate responses.  If 1xx intermediate
     * responses were included in r->resp_header_len, then there are a
     * few places in the code which must be adjusted to use r->resp_header_done
     * instead of (0 == r->resp_header_len) as flag that final response was set
     * (Doing the following would "discard" the 1xx len from bytes_out)
     */
    r->write_queue.bytes_in = r->write_queue.bytes_out = 0;
  #endif

    return 1; /* success */
}


static void connection_close(connection *con) {
	if (con->fd < 0) con->fd = -con->fd;

	plugins_call_handle_connection_close(con);

	server * const srv = con->srv;
	request_st * const r = &con->request;
	request_reset_ex(r); /*(r->conf.* is still valid below)*/
	connection_set_state(r, CON_STATE_CONNECT);

	chunkqueue_reset(con->read_queue);
	con->request_count = 0;
	con->is_ssl_sock = 0;
	con->revents_err = 0;

	fdevent_fdnode_event_del(srv->ev, con->fdn);
	fdevent_unregister(srv->ev, con->fd);
	con->fdn = NULL;
#ifdef __WIN32
	if (0 == closesocket(con->fd))
#else
	if (0 == close(con->fd))
#endif
		--srv->cur_fds;
	else
		log_perror(r->conf.errh, __FILE__, __LINE__,
		  "(warning) close: %d", con->fd);

	if (r->conf.log_state_handling) {
		log_error(r->conf.errh, __FILE__, __LINE__,
		  "connection closed for fd %d", con->fd);
	}
	con->fd = -1;

	connection_del(srv, con);
}


static int connection_handle_read_state(connection * const con)  {
    /*(should not be reached by HTTP/2 streams)*/
    chunkqueue * const cq = con->read_queue;
    chunk *c = cq->first;
    uint32_t clen = 0;
    uint32_t header_len = 0;
    request_st * const r = &con->request;
    uint8_t keepalive_request_start = 0;
    uint8_t pipelined_request_start = 0;
    uint8_t discard_blank = 0;
    unsigned short hoff[8192]; /* max num header lines + 3; 16k on stack */

    if (con->request_count > 1) {
        discard_blank = 1;
        if (con->bytes_read == r->bytes_read_ckpt) {
            keepalive_request_start = 1;
            if (NULL != c) { /* !chunkqueue_is_empty(cq)) */
                pipelined_request_start = 1;
                /* partial header of next request has already been read,
                 * so optimistically check for more data received on
                 * socket while processing the previous request */
                con->is_readable = 1;
                /*(if partially read next request and unable to read any bytes,
                 * then will unnecessarily scan again before subsequent read)*/
            }
        }
    }

    do {
        if (NULL == c) continue;
        clen = buffer_string_length(c->mem) - c->offset;
        if (0 == clen) continue;
        if (c->offset > USHRT_MAX) /*(highly unlikely)*/
            chunkqueue_compact_mem_offset(cq);

        hoff[0] = 1;                         /* number of lines */
        hoff[1] = (unsigned short)c->offset; /* base offset for all lines */
        /*hoff[2] = ...;*/                   /* offset from base for 2nd line */

        header_len = http_header_parse_hoff(c->mem->ptr + c->offset,clen,hoff);

        /* casting to (unsigned short) might truncate, and the hoff[]
         * addition might overflow, but max_request_field_size is USHRT_MAX,
         * so failure will be detected below */
        const uint32_t max_request_field_size=r->conf.max_request_field_size;
        if ((header_len ? header_len : clen) > max_request_field_size
            || hoff[0] >= sizeof(hoff)/sizeof(hoff[0])-1) {
            log_error(r->conf.errh, __FILE__, __LINE__, "%s",
                      "oversized request-header -> sending Status 431");
            r->http_status = 431; /* Request Header Fields Too Large */
            r->keep_alive = 0;
            connection_set_state(r, CON_STATE_REQUEST_END);
            return 1;
        }

        if (0 != header_len) {
            if (hoff[0] > 1) break; /* common case; request headers complete */

            if (discard_blank) { /* skip one blank line e.g. following POST */
                if (header_len == clen) continue;
                const int ch = c->mem->ptr[c->offset+header_len];
                if (ch != '\r' && ch != '\n') {
                    /* discard prior blank line if next line is not blank */
                    discard_blank = 0;
                    clen = 0;/*(for connection_read_header_more() to return c)*/
                    c = connection_discard_blank_line(cq, header_len);/*cold*/
                    continue;
                } /*(else fall through to error out in next block)*/
            }
        }

        if (((unsigned char *)c->mem->ptr)[c->offset] < 32) {
            /* expecting ASCII method beginning with alpha char
             * or HTTP/2 pseudo-header beginning with ':' */
            /*(TLS handshake begins with SYN 0x16 (decimal 22))*/
            log_error(r->conf.errh, __FILE__, __LINE__, "%s",
                      "invalid request-line -> sending Status 400");
            r->http_status = 400; /* Bad Request */
            r->keep_alive = 0;
            connection_set_state(r, CON_STATE_REQUEST_END);
            return 1;
        }
    } while ((c = connection_read_header_more(con, cq, c, clen)));

    if (keepalive_request_start) {
        if (con->bytes_read > r->bytes_read_ckpt) {
            /* update r->start_hp.tv_sec timestamp when first byte of
             * next request is received on a keep-alive connection */
            r->start_hp.tv_sec = log_epoch_secs;
            if (r->conf.high_precision_timestamps)
                log_clock_gettime_realtime(&r->start_hp);
        }
        if (pipelined_request_start && c) con->read_idle_ts = log_epoch_secs;
    }

    if (NULL == c) return 0; /* incomplete request headers */

  #ifdef __COVERITY__
    if (buffer_string_length(c->mem) < hoff[1]) {
        return 1;
    }
  #endif

    char * const hdrs = c->mem->ptr + hoff[1];

    if (con->request_count > 1) {
        /* clear buffers which may have been kept for reporting on keep-alive,
         * (e.g. mod_status) */
        request_reset_ex(r);
    }
    /* RFC7540 3.5 HTTP/2 Connection Preface
     * "PRI * HTTP/2.0\r\n\r\nSM\r\n\r\n"
     * (Connection Preface MUST be exact match)
     * If ALT-SVC used to advertise HTTP/2, then client might start
     * http connection (not TLS) sending HTTP/2 connection preface.
     * (note: intentionally checking only on initial request) */
    else if (!con->is_ssl_sock && r->conf.h2proto
             && hoff[0] == 2 && hoff[2] == 16
             && hdrs[0]=='P' && hdrs[1]=='R' && hdrs[2]=='I' && hdrs[3]==' ') {
        r->http_version = HTTP_VERSION_2;
        return 0;
    }

    r->rqst_header_len = header_len;
    if (r->conf.log_request_header)
        log_error(r->conf.errh, __FILE__, __LINE__,
          "fd: %d request-len: %d\n%.*s", con->fd,
          (int)header_len, (int)header_len, hdrs);
    http_request_headers_process(r, hdrs, hoff, con->proto_default_port);
    chunkqueue_mark_written(cq, r->rqst_header_len);
    connection_set_state(r, CON_STATE_REQUEST_END);

    if (!con->is_ssl_sock && r->conf.h2proto && 0 == r->http_status
        && h2_check_con_upgrade_h2c(r)) {
        /*(Upgrade: h2c over cleartext does not have SNI; no COMP_HTTP_HOST)*/
        r->conditional_is_valid = (1 << COMP_SERVER_SOCKET)
                                | (1 << COMP_HTTP_REMOTE_IP);
        /*connection_handle_write(r, con);*//* defer write to network */
        return 0;
    }

    return 1;
}


connection_handle_read_body_unknown (request_st * const r, chunkqueue * const cq, chunkqueue * const dst_cq)
{
    /* r->conf.max_request_size is in kBytes */
    const off_t max_request_size = (off_t)r->conf.max_request_size << 10;
    chunkqueue_append_chunkqueue(dst_cq, cq);
    if (0 != max_request_size && dst_cq->bytes_in > max_request_size) {
        log_error(r->conf.errh, __FILE__, __LINE__,
          "request-size too long: %lld -> 413", (long long)dst_cq->bytes_in);
        /* 413 Payload Too Large */
        return http_response_reqbody_read_error(r, 413);
    }
    return HANDLER_GO_ON;
}

server * const srv = con->srv;

request_st * const r = &con->request;

static handler_t connection_handle_read_post_state(request_st * const r);

static void connection_state_machine_h2 (request_st *h2r, connection *con);


static connection *connection_init(server *srv) {
	connection * const con = calloc(1, sizeof(*con));
	force_assert(NULL != con);

	con->fd = 0;
	con->ndx = -1;
	con->bytes_written = 0;
	con->bytes_read = 0;

	con->dst_addr_buf = buffer_init();
	con->srv  = srv;
	con->plugin_slots = srv->plugin_slots;
	con->config_data_base = srv->config_data_base;

	request_st * const r = &con->request;
	request_init_data(r, con, srv);
	config_reset_config(r);
	con->write_queue = &r->write_queue;
	con->read_queue = &r->read_queue;

	/* init plugin-specific per-connection structures */
	con->plugin_ctx = calloc(1, (srv->plugins.used + 1) * sizeof(void *));
	force_assert(NULL != con->plugin_ctx);

	return con;
}


connection *connection_accepted(server *srv, server_socket *srv_socket, sock_addr *cnt_addr, int cnt) {
		connection *con;

		srv->cur_fds++;

		/* ok, we have the connection, register it */
#if 0
		log_error(srv->errh, __FILE__, __LINE__, "accepted() %d", cnt);
#endif
		srv->con_opened++;

		con = connections_get_new_connection(srv);

		con->fd = cnt;
		con->fdn = fdevent_register(srv->ev, con->fd, connection_handle_fdevent, con);
		con->network_read = connection_read_cq;
		con->network_write = connection_write_cq;
		con->reqbody_read = connection_handle_read_post_state;

		request_st * const r = &con->request;
		connection_set_state(r, CON_STATE_REQUEST_START);

		con->connection_start = log_epoch_secs;
		con->dst_addr = *cnt_addr;
		sock_addr_cache_inet_ntop_copy_buffer(con->dst_addr_buf,&con->dst_addr);
		con->srv_socket = srv_socket;
		con->is_ssl_sock = srv_socket->is_ssl;
		con->proto_default_port = 80; /* "http" */

		config_cond_cache_reset(r);
		r->conditional_is_valid = (1 << COMP_SERVER_SOCKET)
		                        | (1 << COMP_HTTP_REMOTE_IP);

		if (HANDLER_GO_ON != plugins_call_handle_connection_accept(con)) {
			connection_reset(con);
			connection_close(con);
			return NULL;
		}
		if (r->http_status < 0) connection_set_state(r, CON_STATE_WRITE);
		return con;
}


connection_get_state (request_state_t state)
{
    switch (state) {
      case CON_STATE_CONNECT:        return "connect";
      case CON_STATE_READ:           return "read";
      case CON_STATE_READ_POST:      return "readpost";
      case CON_STATE_WRITE:          return "write";
      case CON_STATE_CLOSE:          return "close";
      case CON_STATE_ERROR:          return "error";
      case CON_STATE_HANDLE_REQUEST: return "handle-req";
      case CON_STATE_REQUEST_START:  return "req-start";
      case CON_STATE_REQUEST_END:    return "req-end";
      case CON_STATE_RESPONSE_START: return "resp-start";
      case CON_STATE_RESPONSE_END:   return "resp-end";
      default:                       return "(unknown)";
    }
}

#define connection_set_state(r, n) ((r)->state = (n))


connection_set_fdevent_interest (request_st * const r, connection * const con)
{
    if (con->fd < 0) return;

    if (con->revents_err && r->state != CON_STATE_ERROR) {
        connection_revents_err(r, con); /* resets con->revents_err = 0 */
        connection_state_machine(con);
        return;
        /* connection_state_machine() will end up calling back into
         * connection_set_fdevent_interest(), but with 0 == con->revents_err */
    }

    int n = 0;
    switch(r->state) {
      case CON_STATE_READ:
        n = FDEVENT_IN;
        if (!(r->conf.stream_request_body & FDEVENT_STREAM_REQUEST_POLLRDHUP))
            n |= FDEVENT_RDHUP;
        break;
      case CON_STATE_WRITE:
        if (!chunkqueue_is_empty(con->write_queue)
            && 0 == con->is_writable && 0 == con->traffic_limit_reached)
            n |= FDEVENT_OUT;
        __attribute_fallthrough__
      case CON_STATE_READ_POST:
        if (r->conf.stream_request_body & FDEVENT_STREAM_REQUEST_POLLIN)
            n |= FDEVENT_IN;
        if (!(r->conf.stream_request_body & FDEVENT_STREAM_REQUEST_POLLRDHUP))
            n |= FDEVENT_RDHUP;
        break;
      case CON_STATE_CLOSE:
        n = FDEVENT_IN;
        break;
      case CON_STATE_CONNECT:
        return;
      default:
        break;
    }

    const int events = fdevent_fdnode_interest(con->fdn);
    if (con->is_readable < 0) {
        con->is_readable = 0;
        n |= FDEVENT_IN;
    }
    if (con->is_writable < 0) {
        con->is_writable = 0;
        n |= FDEVENT_OUT;
    }
    if (events & FDEVENT_RDHUP)
        n |= FDEVENT_RDHUP;

    if (n == events) return;

    /* update timestamps when enabling interest in events */
    if ((n & FDEVENT_IN) && !(events & FDEVENT_IN))
        con->read_idle_ts = log_epoch_secs;
    if ((n & FDEVENT_OUT) && !(events & FDEVENT_OUT))
        con->write_request_ts = log_epoch_secs;
    fdevent_fdnode_event_set(con->srv->ev, con->fdn, n);
}


connection_write_100_continue (request_st * const r, connection * const con)
{
    /* Make best effort to send "HTTP/1.1 100 Continue" */
    static const char http_100_continue[] = "HTTP/1.1 100 Continue\r\n\r\n";

    if (con->traffic_limit_reached)
        return 1; /* success; skip sending if throttled */

    chunkqueue * const cq = con->write_queue; /*(bypass r->write_queue)*/
    chunkqueue_append_mem(cq, http_100_continue, sizeof(http_100_continue)-1);
    return connection_write_1xx_info(r, con);
}


connection_transition_h2 (request_st * const h2r, connection * const con)
{
    buffer_copy_string_len(&h2r->target,      CONST_STR_LEN("*"));
    buffer_copy_string_len(&h2r->target_orig, CONST_STR_LEN("*"));
    buffer_copy_string_len(&h2r->uri.path,    CONST_STR_LEN("*"));
    h2r->http_method = HTTP_METHOD_PRI;
    h2r->reqbody_length = -1; /*(unnecessary for h2r?)*/
    h2r->conf.stream_request_body |= FDEVENT_STREAM_REQUEST_POLLIN;

    /* (h2r->state == CON_STATE_READ) for transition by ALPN
     *   or starting cleartext HTTP/2 with Prior Knowledge
     *   (e.g. via HTTP Alternative Services)
     * (h2r->state == CON_STATE_RESPONSE_END) for Upgrade: h2c */

    if (h2r->state != CON_STATE_ERROR)
        connection_set_state(h2r, CON_STATE_WRITE);

  #if 0 /* ... if it turns out we need a separate fdevent handler for HTTP/2 */
    con->fdn->handler = connection_handle_fdevent_h2;
  #endif

    if (NULL == con->h2) /*(not yet transitioned to HTTP/2; not Upgrade: h2c)*/
        h2_init_con(h2r, con, NULL);
}


static void connection_del(server *srv, connection *con) {
	connections * const conns = &srv->conns;

	if (-1 == con->ndx) return;
	uint32_t i = (uint32_t)con->ndx;

	/* not last element */

	if (i != --conns->used) {
		connection * const temp = conns->ptr[i];
		conns->ptr[i] = conns->ptr[conns->used];
		conns->ptr[conns->used] = temp;

		conns->ptr[i]->ndx = i;
		conns->ptr[conns->used]->ndx = -1;
	}

	con->ndx = -1;
#if 0
	fprintf(stderr, "%s.%d: del: (%d)", __FILE__, __LINE__, conns->used);
	for (i = 0; i < conns->used; i++) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%d ", conns->ptr[i]->fd);
	}
	fprintf(stderr, "\n");
#endif
}


connection_handle_read_post_cq_compact (chunkqueue * const cq)
{
    /* combine first mem chunk with next non-empty mem chunk
     * (loop if next chunk is empty) */
    chunk *c = cq->first;
    if (NULL == c) return 0;
    const uint32_t mlen = buffer_string_length(c->mem) - (size_t)c->offset;
    while ((c = c->next)) {
        const uint32_t blen = buffer_string_length(c->mem) - (size_t)c->offset;
        if (0 == blen) continue;
        chunkqueue_compact_mem(cq, mlen + blen);
        return 1;
    }
    return 0;
}


static void connection_handle_shutdown(connection *con) {
	plugins_call_handle_connection_shut_wr(con);

	connection_reset(con);
	++con->srv->con_closed;

	/* close the connection */
	if (con->fd >= 0
	    && (con->is_ssl_sock || 0 == shutdown(con->fd, SHUT_WR))) {
		con->close_timeout_ts = log_epoch_secs;

		request_st * const r = &con->request;
		connection_set_state(r, CON_STATE_CLOSE);
		if (r->conf.log_state_handling) {
			log_error(r->conf.errh, __FILE__, __LINE__,
			  "shutdown for fd %d", con->fd);
		}
	} else {
		connection_close(con);
	}
}


static void connection_fdwaitqueue_append(connection *con) {
    connection_list_append(&con->srv->fdwaitqueue, con);
}


connection_handle_read_post_state (request_st * const r)
{
    connection * const con = r->con;
    chunkqueue * const cq = &r->read_queue;
    chunkqueue * const dst_cq = &r->reqbody_queue;

    int is_closed = 0;

    if (r->http_version > HTTP_VERSION_1_1) {
        /*(H2_STATE_HALF_CLOSED_REMOTE or H2_STATE_CLOSED)*/
        if (r->h2state >= H2_STATE_HALF_CLOSED_REMOTE)
            is_closed = 1;
    }
    else if (con->is_readable > 0) {
        con->read_idle_ts = log_epoch_secs;

        switch(con->network_read(con, cq, MAX_READ_LIMIT)) {
        case -1:
            connection_set_state_error(r, CON_STATE_ERROR);
            return HANDLER_ERROR;
        case -2:
            is_closed = 1;
            break;
        default:
            break;
        }

        chunkqueue_remove_finished_chunks(cq);
    }

    /* Check for Expect: 100-continue in request headers */
    if (light_btst(r->rqst_htags, HTTP_HEADER_EXPECT)
        && !connection_check_expect_100(r, con))
        return HANDLER_ERROR;

    if (r->http_version > HTTP_VERSION_1_1) {
        /* h2_recv_data() places frame payload directly into r->reqbody_queue */
    }
    else if (r->reqbody_length < 0) {
        /*(-1: Transfer-Encoding: chunked, -2: unspecified length)*/
        handler_t rc = (-1 == r->reqbody_length)
                     ? connection_handle_read_post_chunked(r, cq, dst_cq)
                     : connection_handle_read_body_unknown(r, cq, dst_cq);
        if (HANDLER_GO_ON != rc) return rc;
        chunkqueue_remove_finished_chunks(cq);
    }
    else {
        off_t len = (off_t)r->reqbody_length - dst_cq->bytes_in;
        if (r->reqbody_length <= 64*1024) {
            /* don't buffer request bodies <= 64k on disk */
            chunkqueue_steal(dst_cq, cq, len);
        }
        else if (0 !=
                 chunkqueue_steal_with_tempfiles(dst_cq,cq,len,r->conf.errh)) {
            /* writing to temp file failed */ /* Internal Server Error */
            return http_response_reqbody_read_error(r, 500);
        }
        chunkqueue_remove_finished_chunks(cq);
    }

    if (dst_cq->bytes_in == (off_t)r->reqbody_length) {
        /* Content is ready */
        r->conf.stream_request_body &= ~FDEVENT_STREAM_REQUEST_POLLIN;
        if (r->state == CON_STATE_READ_POST) {
            connection_set_state(r, CON_STATE_HANDLE_REQUEST);
        }
        return HANDLER_GO_ON;
    }
    else if (is_closed) {
      #if 0
        return http_response_reqbody_read_error(r, 400); /* Bad Request */
      #endif
        return HANDLER_ERROR;
    }
    else {
        r->conf.stream_request_body |= FDEVENT_STREAM_REQUEST_POLLIN;
        return (r->conf.stream_request_body & FDEVENT_STREAM_REQUEST)
          ? HANDLER_GO_ON
          : HANDLER_WAIT_FOR_EVENT;
    }
}


static int connection_handle_write(request_st * const r, connection * const con) {
	/*assert(!chunkqueue_is_empty(cq));*//* checked by callers */

	if (con->is_writable <= 0) return CON_STATE_WRITE;
	int rc = connection_write_chunkqueue(con, con->write_queue, MAX_WRITE_LIMIT);
	switch (rc) {
	case 0:
		if (r->resp_body_finished) {
			connection_set_state(r, CON_STATE_RESPONSE_END);
			return CON_STATE_RESPONSE_END;
		}
		break;
	case -1: /* error on our side */
		log_error(r->conf.errh, __FILE__, __LINE__,
		  "connection closed: write failed on fd %d", con->fd);
		connection_set_state_error(r, CON_STATE_ERROR);
		return CON_STATE_ERROR;
	case -2: /* remote close */
		connection_set_state_error(r, CON_STATE_ERROR);
		return CON_STATE_ERROR;
	case 1:
		/* do not spin trying to send HTTP/2 server Connection Preface
		 * while waiting for TLS negotiation to complete */
		if (con->write_queue->bytes_out)
			con->is_writable = 0;

		/* not finished yet -> WRITE */
		break;
	}

	return CON_STATE_WRITE; /*(state did not change)*/
}


connection_handle_read_post_chunked_crlf (chunkqueue * const cq)
{
    /* caller might check chunkqueue_length(cq) >= 2 before calling here
     * to limit return value to either 1 for good or -1 for error */
    chunk *c;
    buffer *b;
    char *p;
    size_t len;

    /* caller must have called chunkqueue_remove_finished_chunks(cq), so if
     * chunkqueue is not empty, it contains chunk with at least one char */
    if (chunkqueue_is_empty(cq)) return 0;

    c = cq->first;
    b = c->mem;
    p = b->ptr+c->offset;
    if (p[0] != '\r') return -1; /* error */
    if (p[1] == '\n') return 1;
    len = buffer_string_length(b) - (size_t)c->offset;
    if (1 != len) return -1; /* error */

    while (NULL != (c = c->next)) {
        b = c->mem;
        len = buffer_string_length(b) - (size_t)c->offset;
        if (0 == len) continue;
        p = b->ptr+c->offset;
        return (p[0] == '\n') ? 1 : -1; /* error if not '\n' */
    }
    return 0;
}


static int connection_read_cq(connection *con, chunkqueue *cq, off_t max_bytes) {
    ssize_t len;
    size_t mem_len = 0;

    do {
        /* obtain chunk memory into which to read
         * fill previous chunk if it has a reasonable amount of space available
         * (use mem_len=0 to obtain large buffer at least half of chunk_buf_sz)
         */
        chunk *ckpt = cq->last;
        char * const mem = chunkqueue_get_memory(cq, &mem_len);
        if (mem_len > (size_t)max_bytes) mem_len = (size_t)max_bytes;

      #if defined(__WIN32)
        len = recv(con->fd, mem, mem_len, 0);
      #else
        len = read(con->fd, mem, mem_len);
      #endif

        chunkqueue_use_memory(cq, ckpt, len > 0 ? len : 0);

        if (len != (ssize_t)mem_len) {
            /* we got less then expected, wait for the next fd-event */
            con->is_readable = 0;

            if (len > 0) {
                con->bytes_read += len;
                return 0;
            }
            else if (0 == len) /* other end close connection -> KEEP-ALIVE */
                return -2;     /* (pipelining) */
            else
                return connection_read_cq_err(con);
        }

        con->bytes_read += len;
        max_bytes -= len;

        int frd;
        mem_len = (0 == fdevent_ioctl_fionread(con->fd, S_IFSOCK, &frd))
          ? (frd < max_bytes) ? (size_t)frd : (size_t)max_bytes
          : 0;
    } while (max_bytes);
    return 0;
}


connection_write_throttle (connection * const con, off_t max_bytes)
{
    /*assert(max_bytes > 0);*/
    max_bytes = connection_write_throttled(con, max_bytes);
    if (0 == max_bytes) con->traffic_limit_reached = 1;
    return max_bytes;
}


static void connection_read_for_eos_plain(connection * const con) {
	/* we have to do the linger_on_close stuff regardless
	 * of r->keep_alive; even non-keepalive sockets
	 * may still have unread data, and closing before reading
	 * it will make the client not see all our output.
	 */
	ssize_t len;
	const int type = sock_addr_get_family(&con->dst_addr);
	char buf[16384];
	do {
		len = fdevent_socket_read_discard(con->fd, buf, sizeof(buf),
						  type, SOCK_STREAM);
	} while (len > 0 || (len < 0 && errno == EINTR));

	if (len < 0 && errno == EAGAIN) return;
      #if defined(EWOULDBLOCK) && EWOULDBLOCK != EAGAIN
	if (len < 0 && errno == EWOULDBLOCK) return;
      #endif

	/* 0 == len || (len < 0 && (errno is a non-recoverable error)) */
		con->close_timeout_ts = log_epoch_secs - (HTTP_LINGER_TIMEOUT+1);
}


connection_write_chunkqueue (connection * const con, chunkqueue * const restrict cq, off_t max_bytes)
{
    /*assert(!chunkqueue_is_empty(cq));*//* checked by callers */

    con->write_request_ts = log_epoch_secs;

    max_bytes = connection_write_throttle(con, max_bytes);
    if (0 == max_bytes) return 1;

    off_t written = cq->bytes_out;
    int ret;

  #ifdef TCP_CORK
    int corked = 0;
  #endif

    /* walk chunkqueue up to first FILE_CHUNK (if present)
     * This may incur memory load misses for pointer chasing, but effectively
     * preloads part of the chunkqueue, something which used to be a side effect
     * of a previous (less efficient) version of chunkqueue_length() which
     * walked the entire chunkqueue (on each and every call).  The loads here
     * make a measurable difference in performance in underlying call to
     * con->network_write() */
    if (cq->first->next) {
        const chunk *c = cq->first;
        while (c->type == MEM_CHUNK && NULL != (c = c->next)) ;
      #ifdef TCP_CORK
        /* Linux: put a cork into socket as we want to combine write() calls
         * but only if we really have multiple chunks including non-MEM_CHUNK
         * (or if multiple chunks and TLS), and only if TCP socket */
        if (NULL != c || con->is_ssl_sock) {
            const int sa_family = sock_addr_get_family(&con->srv_socket->addr);
            if (sa_family == AF_INET || sa_family == AF_INET6) {
                corked = 1;
                (void)setsockopt(con->fd, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_CORK,
                                 &corked, sizeof(corked));
            }
        }
      #endif
    }

    ret = con->network_write(con, cq, max_bytes);
    if (ret >= 0) {
        ret = chunkqueue_is_empty(cq) ? 0 : 1;
    }

  #ifdef TCP_CORK
    if (corked) {
        corked = 0;
        (void)setsockopt(con->fd, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_CORK,
                         &corked, sizeof(corked));
    }
  #endif

    written = cq->bytes_out - written;
    con->bytes_written += written;
    con->bytes_written_cur_second += written;
    request_st * const r = &con->request;
    if (r->conf.global_bytes_per_second_cnt_ptr)
        *(r->conf.global_bytes_per_second_cnt_ptr) += written;

    return ret;
}


connection *connection_accept(server *srv, server_socket *srv_socket) {
	int cnt;
	sock_addr cnt_addr;
	size_t cnt_len = sizeof(cnt_addr); /*(size_t intentional; not socklen_t)*/

	/**
	 * check if we can still open a new connections
	 *
	 * see #1216
	 */

	if (srv->conns.used >= srv->max_conns) {
		return NULL;
	}

	cnt = fdevent_accept_listenfd(srv_socket->fd, (struct sockaddr *) &cnt_addr, &cnt_len);
	if (-1 == cnt) {
		switch (errno) {
		case EAGAIN:
#if EWOULDBLOCK != EAGAIN
		case EWOULDBLOCK:
#endif
		case EINTR:
			/* we were stopped _before_ we had a connection */
		case ECONNABORTED: /* this is a FreeBSD thingy */
			/* we were stopped _after_ we had a connection */
			break;
		case EMFILE:
			/* out of fds */
			break;
		default:
			log_perror(srv->errh, __FILE__, __LINE__, "accept failed");
		}
		return NULL;
	} else {
		if (sock_addr_get_family(&cnt_addr) != AF_UNIX) {
			network_accept_tcp_nagle_disable(cnt);
		}
		return connection_accepted(srv, srv_socket, &cnt_addr, cnt);
	}
}

__attribute_cold__
static connection *connection_init(server *srv);

static void connection_reset(connection *con);

server * const srv = con->srv;

static void connection_state_machine_h2 (request_st *h2r, connection *con);


connection_check_expect_100 (request_st * const r, connection * const con)
{
    if (con->is_writable <= 0)
        return 1;

    const buffer * const vb =
      http_header_request_get(r, HTTP_HEADER_EXPECT,
                              CONST_STR_LEN("Expect"));
    if (NULL == vb)
        return 1;

    /* (always unset Expect header so that check is not repeated for request */
    int rc = buffer_eq_icase_slen(vb, CONST_STR_LEN("100-continue"));
    http_header_request_unset(r, HTTP_HEADER_EXPECT,
                              CONST_STR_LEN("Expect"));
    if (!rc
        || 0 != r->reqbody_queue.bytes_in
        || !chunkqueue_is_empty(&r->read_queue)
        || !chunkqueue_is_empty(&r->write_queue))
        return 1;

    /* send 100 Continue only if no request body data received yet
     * and response has not yet started (checked above) */
    if (r->http_version > HTTP_VERSION_1_1)
        h2_send_100_continue(r, con);
    else if (r->http_version == HTTP_VERSION_1_1)
        return connection_write_100_continue(r, con);

    return 1;
}


static void connection_read_for_eos_ssl(connection * const con) {
	if (con->network_read(con, con->read_queue, MAX_READ_LIMIT) < 0)
		con->close_timeout_ts = log_epoch_secs - (HTTP_LINGER_TIMEOUT+1);
	chunkqueue_reset(con->read_queue);
}


static void connection_set_state_error(request_st * const r, const request_state_t state) {
    connection_set_state(r, state);
}


static connection *connections_get_new_connection(server *srv) {
	connections * const conns = &srv->conns;
	size_t i;

	if (conns->size == conns->used) {
		conns->size += srv->max_conns >= 128 ? 128 : srv->max_conns > 16 ? 16 : srv->max_conns;
		conns->ptr = realloc(conns->ptr, sizeof(*conns->ptr) * conns->size);
		force_assert(NULL != conns->ptr);

		for (i = conns->used; i < conns->size; i++) {
			conns->ptr[i] = connection_init(srv);
			connection_reset(conns->ptr[i]);
		}
	}

	conns->ptr[conns->used]->ndx = conns->used;
	return conns->ptr[conns->used++];
}


static void connection_check_timeout (connection * const con, const time_t cur_ts) {
    const int waitevents = fdevent_fdnode_interest(con->fdn);
    int changed = 0;
    int t_diff;

    request_st * const r = &con->request;
    if (r->state == CON_STATE_CLOSE) {
        if (cur_ts - con->close_timeout_ts > HTTP_LINGER_TIMEOUT) {
            changed = 1;
        }
    }
    else if (con->h2 && r->state == CON_STATE_WRITE) {
        h2con * const h2c = con->h2;
        if (h2c->rused) {
            for (uint32_t i = 0; i < h2c->rused; ++i) {
                request_st * const rr = h2c->r[i];
                if (rr->state == CON_STATE_ERROR) { /*(should not happen)*/
                    changed = 1;
                    continue;
                }
                if (rr->reqbody_length != rr->reqbody_queue.bytes_in) {
                    /* XXX: should timeout apply if not trying to read on h2con?
                     * (still applying timeout to catch stuck connections) */
                    /* XXX: con->read_idle_ts is not per-request, so timeout
                     * will not occur if other read activity occurs on h2con
                     * (future: might keep separate timestamp per-request) */
                    if (cur_ts - con->read_idle_ts > rr->conf.max_read_idle) {
                        /* time - out */
                        if (rr->conf.log_request_handling) {
                            log_error(rr->conf.errh, __FILE__, __LINE__,
                              "request aborted - read timeout: %d", con->fd);
                        }
                        connection_set_state_error(r, CON_STATE_ERROR);
                        changed = 1;
                    }
                }

                if (rr->state != CON_STATE_READ_POST
                    && con->write_request_ts != 0) {
                    /* XXX: con->write_request_ts is not per-request, so timeout
                     * will not occur if other write activity occurs on h2con
                     * (future: might keep separate timestamp per-request) */
                    if (cur_ts - con->write_request_ts
                        > r->conf.max_write_idle) {
                        /*(see comment further down about max_write_idle)*/
                        /* time - out */
                        if (r->conf.log_timeouts) {
                            log_error(r->conf.errh, __FILE__, __LINE__,
                              "NOTE: a request from %.*s for %.*s timed out "
                              "after writing %lld bytes. We waited %d seconds. "
                              "If this is a problem, increase "
                              "server.max-write-idle",
                              BUFFER_INTLEN_PTR(con->dst_addr_buf),
                              BUFFER_INTLEN_PTR(&r->target),
                              (long long)r->write_queue.bytes_out,
                              (int)r->conf.max_write_idle);
                        }
                        connection_set_state_error(r, CON_STATE_ERROR);
                        changed = 1;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        else {
            if (cur_ts - con->read_idle_ts > con->keep_alive_idle) {
                /* time - out */
                if (r->conf.log_request_handling) {
                    log_error(r->conf.errh, __FILE__, __LINE__,
                              "connection closed - keep-alive timeout: %d",
                              con->fd);
                }
                connection_set_state(r, CON_STATE_RESPONSE_END);
                changed = 1;
            }
        }
    }
    else if (waitevents & FDEVENT_IN) {
        if (con->request_count == 1 || r->state != CON_STATE_READ) {
            /* e.g. CON_STATE_READ_POST || CON_STATE_WRITE */
            if (cur_ts - con->read_idle_ts > r->conf.max_read_idle) {
                /* time - out */
                if (r->conf.log_request_handling) {
                    log_error(r->conf.errh, __FILE__, __LINE__,
                              "connection closed - read timeout: %d", con->fd);
                }

                connection_set_state_error(r, CON_STATE_ERROR);
                changed = 1;
            }
        } else {
            if (cur_ts - con->read_idle_ts > con->keep_alive_idle) {
                /* time - out */
                if (r->conf.log_request_handling) {
                    log_error(r->conf.errh, __FILE__, __LINE__,
                              "connection closed - keep-alive timeout: %d",
                              con->fd);
                }

                connection_set_state_error(r, CON_STATE_ERROR);
                changed = 1;
            }
        }
    }

    /* max_write_idle timeout currently functions as backend timeout,
     * too, after response has been started.
     * future: have separate backend timeout, and then change this
     * to check for write interest before checking for timeout */
    /*if (waitevents & FDEVENT_OUT)*/
    if (r->http_version <= HTTP_VERSION_1_1
        && r->state == CON_STATE_WRITE && con->write_request_ts != 0) {
      #if 0
        if (cur_ts - con->write_request_ts > 60) {
            log_error(r->conf.errh, __FILE__, __LINE__,
                      "connection closed - pre-write-request-timeout: %d %d",
                      con->fd, cur_ts - con->write_request_ts);
        }
      #endif

        if (cur_ts - con->write_request_ts > r->conf.max_write_idle) {
            /* time - out */
            if (r->conf.log_timeouts) {
                log_error(r->conf.errh, __FILE__, __LINE__,
                  "NOTE: a request from %.*s for %.*s timed out after writing "
                  "%lld bytes. We waited %d seconds.  If this is a problem, "
                  "increase server.max-write-idle",
                  BUFFER_INTLEN_PTR(con->dst_addr_buf),
                  BUFFER_INTLEN_PTR(&r->target),
                  (long long)con->bytes_written, (int)r->conf.max_write_idle);
            }
            connection_set_state_error(r, CON_STATE_ERROR);
            changed = 1;
        }
    }

    /* lighttpd HTTP/2 limitation: rate limit config r->conf.bytes_per_second
     * (currently) taken only from top-level config (socket), with host if SNI
     * used, but not any other config conditions, e.g. not per-file-type */

    if (0 == (t_diff = cur_ts - con->connection_start)) t_diff = 1;

    if (con->traffic_limit_reached &&
        (r->conf.bytes_per_second == 0 ||
         con->bytes_written < (off_t)r->conf.bytes_per_second * t_diff)) {
        /* enable connection again */
        con->traffic_limit_reached = 0;

        changed = 1;
    }

    con->bytes_written_cur_second = 0;

    if (changed) {
        connection_state_machine(con);
    }
}


connection_state_machine_h1 (request_st * const r, connection * const con)
{
	const int log_state_handling = r->conf.log_state_handling;
	if (log_state_handling) {
		log_error(r->conf.errh, __FILE__, __LINE__,
		  "state at enter %d %s", con->fd, connection_get_state(r->state));
	}

	connection_state_machine_loop(r, con);

	if (log_state_handling) {
		log_error(r->conf.errh, __FILE__, __LINE__,
		  "state at exit: %d %s", con->fd, connection_get_state(r->state));
	}

	connection_set_fdevent_interest(r, con);
}