swap

I e’en changed it, as occasion served, with the skippers o’ Dutch luggers and French vessels, for gin and brandy[…] a gude swap too, between what cheereth the soul of man and that which dingeth it clean out of his body

1819, Sir Walter Scott, Tales of My Landlord, The Bride of Lammermoor:

(finance) A financial derivative in which two parties agree to exchange one stream of cashflow against another stream.

How much swap do you need?

(computing, informal, uncountable) Space available in a swap file for use as auxiliary memory.

(Cambridge University slang) A social meal at a restaurant between two university societies, usually involving drinking and banter; commonly associated with fining and pennying; equivalent to a crewdate at Oxford University.

From the verb swap. First attested in 1620.


swap

(obsolete, UK, dialect) A blow; a stroke.

en-noun

swap (countable and uncountable, plural swaps)

From Middle English swap, swappe (“a blow, strike, lash from a whip”), from the verb (see Etymology 1 above).


swap

swap (nominative singular)
swapit (nominative plural)
swap (accusative nominative singular)
swapit (accusative nominative plural)
swapin (accusative genitive singular)
swapit (accusative genitive plural)
swapin (genitive singular)
swapien (genitive plural)
swapia (partitive singular)
swapeja (partitive plural)
swapissa (inessive singular)
swapeissa (inessive plural)
swapista (elative singular)
swapeista (elative plural)
swapiin (illative singular)
swapeihin (illative plural)
swapilla (adessive singular)
swapeilla (adessive plural)
swapilta (ablative singular)
swapeilta (ablative plural)
swapille (allative singular)
swapeille (allative plural)
swapina (essive singular)
swapeina (essive plural)
swapiksi (singular translative)
swapeiksi (plural translative)
swapitta (abessive singular)
swapeitta (abessive plural)
swapein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
swapini (nominative singular)
swapini (nominative plural)
swapini (accusative nominative singular)
swapini (accusative nominative plural)
swapini (accusative genitive singular)
swapini (accusative genitive plural)
swapini (genitive singular)
swapieni (genitive plural)
swapiani (partitive singular)
swapejani (partitive plural)
swapissani (inessive singular)
swapeissani (inessive plural)
swapistani (elative singular)
swapeistani (elative plural)
swapiini (illative singular)
swapeihini (illative plural)
swapillani (adessive singular)
swapeillani (adessive plural)
swapiltani (ablative singular)
swapeiltani (ablative plural)
swapilleni (allative singular)
swapeilleni (allative plural)
swapinani (essive singular)
swapeinani (essive plural)
swapikseni (singular translative)
swapeikseni (plural translative)
swapittani (abessive singular)
swapeittani (abessive plural)
swapeineni (comitative plural)
swapisi (nominative singular)
swapisi (nominative plural)
swapisi (accusative nominative singular)
swapisi (accusative nominative plural)
swapisi (accusative genitive singular)
swapisi (accusative genitive plural)
swapisi (genitive singular)
swapiesi (genitive plural)
swapiasi (partitive singular)
swapejasi (partitive plural)
swapissasi (inessive singular)
swapeissasi (inessive plural)
swapistasi (elative singular)
swapeistasi (elative plural)
swapiisi (illative singular)
swapeihisi (illative plural)
swapillasi (adessive singular)
swapeillasi (adessive plural)
swapiltasi (ablative singular)
swapeiltasi (ablative plural)
swapillesi (allative singular)
swapeillesi (allative plural)
swapinasi (essive singular)
swapeinasi (essive plural)
swapiksesi (singular translative)
swapeiksesi (plural translative)
swapittasi (abessive singular)
swapeittasi (abessive plural)
swapeinesi (comitative plural)
swapimme (nominative singular)
swapimme (nominative plural)
swapimme (accusative nominative singular)
swapimme (accusative nominative plural)
swapimme (accusative genitive singular)
swapimme (accusative genitive plural)
swapimme (genitive singular)
swapiemme (genitive plural)
swapiamme (partitive singular)
swapejamme (partitive plural)
swapissamme (inessive singular)
swapeissamme (inessive plural)
swapistamme (elative singular)
swapeistamme (elative plural)
swapiimme (illative singular)
swapeihimme (illative plural)
swapillamme (adessive singular)
swapeillamme (adessive plural)
swapiltamme (ablative singular)
swapeiltamme (ablative plural)
swapillemme (allative singular)
swapeillemme (allative plural)
swapinamme (essive singular)
swapeinamme (essive plural)
swapiksemme (singular translative)
swapeiksemme (plural translative)
swapittamme (abessive singular)
swapeittamme (abessive plural)
swapeinemme (comitative plural)
swapinne (nominative singular)
swapinne (nominative plural)
swapinne (accusative nominative singular)
swapinne (accusative nominative plural)
swapinne (accusative genitive singular)
swapinne (accusative genitive plural)
swapinne (genitive singular)
swapienne (genitive plural)
swapianne (partitive singular)
swapejanne (partitive plural)
swapissanne (inessive singular)
swapeissanne (inessive plural)
swapistanne (elative singular)
swapeistanne (elative plural)
swapiinne (illative singular)
swapeihinne (illative plural)
swapillanne (adessive singular)
swapeillanne (adessive plural)
swapiltanne (ablative singular)
swapeiltanne (ablative plural)
swapillenne (allative singular)
swapeillenne (allative plural)
swapinanne (essive singular)
swapeinanne (essive plural)
swapiksenne (singular translative)
swapeiksenne (plural translative)
swapittanne (abessive singular)
swapeittanne (abessive plural)
swapeinenne (comitative plural)
swapinsa (nominative singular)
swapinsa (nominative plural)
swapinsa (accusative nominative singular)
swapinsa (accusative nominative plural)
swapinsa (accusative genitive singular)
swapinsa (accusative genitive plural)
swapinsa (genitive singular)
swapiensa (genitive plural)
swapiaan (partitive singular)
swapiansa (partitive singular)
swapejaan (partitive plural)
swapejansa (partitive plural)
swapissaan (inessive singular)
swapissansa (inessive singular)
swapeissaan (inessive plural)
swapeissansa (inessive plural)
swapistaan (elative singular)
swapistansa (elative singular)
swapeistaan (elative plural)
swapeistansa (elative plural)
swapiinsa (illative singular)
swapeihinsa (illative plural)
swapillaan (adessive singular)
swapillansa (adessive singular)
swapeillaan (adessive plural)
swapeillansa (adessive plural)
swapiltaan (ablative singular)
swapiltansa (ablative singular)
swapeiltaan (ablative plural)
swapeiltansa (ablative plural)
swapilleen (allative singular)
swapillensa (allative singular)
swapeilleen (allative plural)
swapeillensa (allative plural)
swapinaan (essive singular)
swapinansa (essive singular)
swapeinaan (essive plural)
swapeinansa (essive plural)
swapikseen (singular translative)
swapiksensa (singular translative)
swapeikseen (plural translative)
swapeiksensa (plural translative)
swapittaan (abessive singular)
swapittansa (abessive singular)
swapeittaan (abessive plural)
swapeittansa (abessive plural)
swapeineen (comitative plural)
swapeinensa (comitative plural)


swop

'We make a pair, by God and by St James! / But, brother, what do you say to swopping names?'

1951, Geoffrey Chaucer, translated by Nevill Coghill, The Canterbury Tales: Translated into Modern English (Penguin Classics), Penguin Books, published 1977, page 315:

en-verb

swop (third-person singular simple present swops, present participle swopping, simple past and past participle swopped)

swops (present singular third-person)
swopping (participle present)
swopped (participle past)
swopped (past)


swop

A fusion of swing and hip-hop dance styles.


polysemic

As a series of polysemic and paradoxical sketches, Jackass does not lend itself to one particular theoretical analysis.

2007, Sean Brayton, “MTV's Jackass: Transgression, Abjection and the Economy of White Masculinity”, in Journal of Gender Studies, volume 16, page 58:

(linguistics) Having a number of meanings, interpretations or understandings.

en-adj

polysemic (comparative more polysemic, superlative most polysemic)

more polysemic (comparative)
most polysemic (superlative)


trade

(uncountable) Buying and selling of goods and services on a market.

I did no trades with them once the rumors started.

(countable) A particular instance of buying or selling.

A particular instance of buying or selling.

EXCHANGE — A trade or swap of no material profit to either side.

1989, Bruce Pandolfini, Chess Openings: Traps and Zaps, →ISBN, Glossary, page 225:

When Golden State matched the Knicks' offer sheet, the Warriors and Knicks worked out a trade that sent King to New York for Richardson.

2009, Elliott Kalb, Mark Weinstein, The 30 Greatest Sports Conspiracy Theories of All Time, →ISBN, page 60:

(countable) An instance of bartering items in exchange for one another.

The skilled trades were the first to organize modern labor unions.

But through the oligopoly, charcoal fuel proliferated throughout London's trades and industries. By the 1200s, brewers and bakers, tilemakers, glassblowers, pottery producers, and a range of other craftsmen all became hour-to-hour consumers of charcoal.

2006, Edwin Black, chapter 2, in Internal Combustion:

(countable) Those who perform a particular kind of skilled work.

It is not a retail showroom. It is only for the trade.

(countable) Those engaged in an industry or group of related industries.

He learned his trade as an apprentice.

In the clearing stands a boxer and a fighter by his trade

1969, Paul Simon, Simon & Garfunkel, “The Boxer”, Bridge over Troubled Water, Columbia Records

en:skilled practice of a practical occupation

(countable) The skilled practice of a practical occupation.

The skilled practice of a practical occupation.

After failing his entrance exams, he decided to go into a trade.

Most veterans went into trade when the war ended.

Subsequently some Scottish troops settled, took up trade as weavers, tailors, or mariners, and married Dutch women.

2007, Michael Lynch, The Oxford Companion to Scottish History, USA: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 228:

Getting a job in your major is no breeze: Remember we made fun of those who took up a trade

2012, Liberty Carrington, Wide Eyes Closed, AuthorHouse, →ISBN, page 92:

(countable or uncountable) An occupation in the secondary sector, as opposed to an agricultural, professional or military one.

Even before noon there was considerable trade.

(uncountable, UK) The business given to a commercial establishment by its customers.

They rode the trades going west.

Calms and variable winds, are also experienced during every month of the year, in the space between the trades;[…] the vicinity of the north-east trade seems most liable to them.

1826 [1816], James Horsburgh, India Directory, Or Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, New Holland, Cape of Good Hope, Brazil and the Interjacent Ports, page 28:

(chiefly in the plural) Steady winds blowing from east to west above and below the equator.

Rumors about layoffs are all over the trades.

(only as plural) A publication intended for participants in an industry or related group of industries.

In a homosexual of this kind—corresponding to the test of eccentric behavior in the drawing-room—one usually finds a preference for "trade," i.e., sexually normal males, because, if another homosexual yields to him, he is only one of a class, but if he can believe that an exception is being made in his case, it seems a proof that he is being accepted for himself alone.

1950, W. H. Auden, “A Playboy of the Western World: St. Oscar, The Homintern Martyr”, in Partisan Review, pages 391–2:

Josh picked up some trade last night.

(uncountable, gay slang) A masculine man available for casual sex with men, often for pay. (Compare rough trade.)

His House and household Gods! his trade of War, / His Bow and Quiver; and his trusty Cur.

1697, John Dryden, “The Third Book of the Georgics”, in The works of Virgil containing his Pastorals, Georgics and Aeneis, page 112:

(obsolete, uncountable) Instruments of any occupation.

A postern with a blind wicket there was, / A common trade to pass through Priam's house

1557, Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, The Second Book of Virgil's Æneid:

As Shepheardes curre, that in darke eveninges shade / Hath tracted forth some salvage beastes trade

1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, Book II:

Or, I'll be buried in the king's highway, / Some way of common trade, where subjects' feet / May hourly trample on their sovereign's head.

c. 1595, William Shakespeare, Richard II, act III, scene iii:

(obsolete) A track or trail; a way; a path; passage.

A track or trail; a way; a path; passage.

The Jewes, emong whom alone and no moe, God hitherto semed for to reigne, by reason of their knowledge of the law, and of the autoritee of being in the right trade of religion.

1545, Nicholas Udall, Paraphrase on Luke, translation of original by Desiderius Erasmus:

There those five sisters had continual trade / And used to bathe themselves in that deceitful shade.

Long did I love this lady, / Long was my travel, long my trade to win her.

1655, Philip Massinger, John Fletcher, A Very Woman:

Thy sin's not accidental but a trade.

c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Measure for Measure”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:

(obsolete) Course; custom; practice; occupation.

en-noun

trade (countable and uncountable, plural trades)

ammattikunta

those who perform a particular kind of skilled work

ammattilehti

From Middle English trade (“path, course of conduct”), introduced into English by Hanseatic merchants, from Middle Low German trade (“track, course”), from Old Saxon trada (“spoor, track”), from Proto-Germanic *tradō (“track, way”), and cognate with Old English tredan (“to tread”); ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dreh₂- (“to tread, walk, step, run”).

der

Middle Low German trade (“track, course”)


trade

This company trades (in) precious metal.

He withdrew money to his bank account after several years of trading stocks on E-Trade.

[…]a free port, where Nations warring with one another resorted with their Goods, and traded as in a neutral Country.

1727, John Arbuthnot, Tables of Ancient Coins, Weights and Measures, page 248:

Apple is trading at $200.

ExxonMobil trades on the NYSE.

The stock is trading rich relative to its sector.

(finance, intransitive, copulative) To be traded at a certain price or under certain conditions.

Will you trade your precious watch for my earring?

(transitive, with for) To give (something) in exchange (for).

The rival schoolboys traded insults.

The [Halo effect] strikes our combined fleets. All ships piloted by biologicals are now [adrift]. I can trade Mendicant ship for ship now and still prevail.

2007 September 25, Bungie, Halo 3, Microsoft Game Studios, Xbox 360, level/area: Terminal Six (Legendary):

Kalinin Bay is also in trouble, trading fire with Japanese destroyers and taking hits from both them and cruisers at the same time. Unlike the Gambier Bay, however, it does not appear that these ships have realized they need to switch to high explosive from armor-piercing, and, despite being riddled with shellfire, the ship stays afloat, despite this rather-unequal battering going on for another twenty to thirty minutes.

2019 February 27, Drachinifel, 29:08 from the start, in The Battle of Samar - Odds? What are those?, archived from the original on 2022-11-03:

(transitive) To mutually exchange (something) (with).

Some musicians try to trade on their past success by playing the same hits over and over again.

(transitive, with on) To use or exploit a particular aspect, such as a name, reputation, or image, to gain advantage or benefit.

(horticulture, transitive or intransitive) To give someone a plant and receive a different one in return.

(ambitransitive) To do business; offer for sale as for one's livelihood.

Saucy and over bold, how did you dare / To trade and traffic with Macbeth

c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene v]:

(intransitive) To have dealings; to be concerned or associated (with).

(transitive) To recommend and get recommendations.

en-verb

trade (third-person singular simple present trades, present participle trading, simple past and past participle traded)

trades (present singular third-person)
trading (participle present)
traded (participle past)
traded (past)

vaihtaa

finance: to be traded at a certain price or under certain conditions

vaihtaa

gardening: to give someone a plant and receive a different one in return

myydä

to do business; offer for sale as for one's livelihood

olla tekemisissä

to have dealings; to be concerned or associated (with)


trade

"It is monstrous - grotesque." "But what made him draw such an animal?" "Trade gin, I should think."

1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:

Of a product, produced for sale in the ordinary bulk retail trade and hence of only the most basic quality.


trade

(dated or formal) singular past subjunctive of treden


trade

first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive

inflection of trader:
second-person singular imperative


trade

From Old Galician-Portuguese traado, independently attested (14th century); from Late Latin taratrum (“auger”), used by Isidore of Seville. Probably from Paleo-Hispanic or from Proto-Celtic *taratrom, from Proto-Indo-European *térh₁-tro-.
Cognate with Portuguese trado, Spanish taladro, Old Irish tarathar, Old Welsh tarater, Breton tarar.


trade

first/third-person singular present subjunctive

inflection of tradar:
third-person singular imperative


trade

inflection of traden:
first-person singular present

first/third-person singular subjunctive I

inflection of traden:
singular imperative


trade

second-person singular present active imperative of trādō


quid pro quo

The misunderstanding of the word or the quid pro quo is the unintentional pun, and is related to it exactly as folly is to wit.

1844, Arthur Schopenhauer, translated by Richard Burdon Haldane, The World as Will and Representation, 2nd edition, first book, translation of original in German, section 13:

“Is it simply a wild fantasy, or a mistake on the part of the old man — some impossible quid pro quo?”

1912, Fyodor Dostoevsky, translated by Constance Garnett, The Brothers Karamazov, translation of original in Russian, part II, book V, chapter 5:

His argument was formulated, not without reason, as a paradox, a quid pro quo of opposing concepts: form is declared to be content, thus its own opposite.

1982, Carl Dahlhaus, Esthetics of Music, page 52:

Something which is understood as something else; an equivocation.

a knave Apothecary that administers the Physick, and makes the medicine, may doe infinite harme, by his old obsolete doses, adulterine druggs, bad mixtures, quid pro quo, etc.

1621-51, Robert Burton, Anatomy of Melancholy:

Nicholas [Praepositus] was also the author of a "Quid pro Quo", that is an alphabetically arranged catalogue of equivalent drugs, capable of replacing each other, when for any reason one or the other drug was wanting

1889, Johann Hermann Baas, Henry Ebenezer Handerson, Outlines of the History of Medicine and the Medical Profession, page 263:

Was it not Claudius Galenus (130-200 A. D.), the great Roman physician-pharmacist, who was about the very first to prepare a lengthy list of drugs, quid pro quo, a list which remained in use until about the sixteenth century?

1917, Otto Raubenheimer, “History of Substitutes and Substitution”, in Druggists Circular, volume 61, page 188:

(historical) Substitution of one drug for another.

To him I offered a quid pro quo; and meant to give nothing without getting a full equivalent.

1819, The Parliamentary History of England from the Earliest Period to the Year 1803, volume 35, page 1129:

Whie Demanding Great sacrifices from the workforce, Germany's rulers had proved unable by autumn 1916 to offer a quid pro quo in the form of a military victory, more democracy, or even a modest redistribution of income.

2001, Authority and Upheaval in Leipzig, 1910-1920, page 148:

the US recently supported the European candidate for the IMF and may receive a quid pro quo

2012 March 24, Steve Denning, “The World Bank Is Broken: Can The New President Fix It?”, in Forbes:

McLaren did not want Mercedes to buy Brawn so when the German company insisted, they demanded a quid pro quo that, as far as McLaren are concerned, contains all the positives of a Mercedes involvement but none of the negatives.

2009 November 16, Andrew Benson, “What Mercedes buy-out of Brawn could mean”, in BBC Sport:

People don't like to talk about it, but inherent to every relationship there's a quid pro quo— something that's exchanged in return for something else. The quid pro quo can be obvious, such as I give you a salary and in return I expect you to do a good job, or more subtly, I give you a recommendation and in turn expect you'll help me get my expense check processed faster. It's an unspoken system of bartering that goes on in relationships. Women aren't very good at capitalizing on the quid pro quo. Instead, they give away favors and expect little or nothing in return.

2014, Lois P. Frankel, Nice Girls Don't Get the Corner Office:

Something which is offered or asked for in exchange for something else.

More importantly, the Chrysler bailout produced a quid pro quo wherein Congress agreed to pass bank deregulation legislation if banks agreed to convert substantial amounts of Chrysler's debt to equity.

1997, Davita Silfen Glasberg, Daniel L. Skidmore, Corporate Welfare Policy and the Welfare State, page 138:

The apparent exception at the Temple of Neith at Sais is likely due to an agreement, a quid pro quo, made with Udjahorresnet, not to a failure to enact the command immediately.

2004, Lisbeth S. Fried, The Priest and the Great King: Temple-palace Relations in the Persian Empire, page 74:

The requisite intent is proved by showing a quid pro quo—an expectation of a favorable official act in return for the bribe.

2006, John Cibinic, Jr., Ralph C. Nash, James F. Nagle, Administration of Government Contracts, page 84:

I call it quid pro quo while other authors have described it as “the art of reciprocity.”

2011 December 14, Susan T. Spencer, “Business Networking That Works ... It's Called Quid Pro Quo”, in Forbes:

Neither the envelope nor the entry form indicated whether a donation was enclosed. Because there was no obligation to pay to enter the sweepstakes, payments voluntarily sent were fully deductible. No quid pro quo occurred.

2012, Jody Blazek, Tax Planning and Compliance for Tax-Exempt Organizations:

All are based on the concept of quid pro quo, or “this for that” – the exchange of one thing for another. […] In McDonnell, the government alleged a quid pro quo sale of “official action” – payments (the quid) made to McDonnell, the former governor of Virginia, in return for a promise or undertaking by McDonnell to perform an official action (the quo). The Court’s decision focused on the quo side of the equation – a side that does not often receive much scrutiny – analyzing the contours of whether the actions taken by McDonnell constituted illegal “official actions.”

2016 July 13, Robert Anello, “SCOTUS Quid Pro Quo Analysis in McDonnell May Broadly Affect Bribery & Insider Trading Prosecutions”, in Forbes:

Council says the mayor and a former councilman may have engaged in a "quid pro quo." / […] / Council says, according to a handwritten note, Fey offered to support a pay raise for Mayor Ellis if Ellis would support a raise or a job appointment for Fey's wife, Gina.

2019 March 4, “Phillipsburg council calls for new investigation of alleged quid pro quo”, in 69 News:

All I'm asking for is a little quid pro quo. You know—you scratch my back, I'll scratch yours.

A usually non-monetary exchange transaction, or series or process of exchange transactions.

Mr. P. did not consider that branch, strictly and technically speaking, public revenue; at least it did not arise from taxation, because those persons who had paid this money had received a full equivalent for the same; there was a quid pro quo on both sides; and this was not taxation, it was a sale; the parties therefore from whom this money was derived had not been taxed.

1837, United States. Congress, The Congressional Globe, page 1977:

What we should do, however, is insist that there be a quid pro quo — an equal exchange.

1988, Industrial R&D and U.S. Technological Leadership:

Most of those cases were about witness immunity deals (was there a quid pro quo?) or the meaning of quid pro quo in the classic “equality of exchange” sense.

2014, Zephyr Teachout, Corruption in America, page 239:

US-Myanmar relations in the past few years have been largely based on a quid pro quo or tit for tat strategy. Some analysts also call it action for action or give and take strategy.

2013 May 21, Nehginpao Kipgen, “Quid Pro Quo Diplomacy in US-Myanmar Relations”, in Foreign Policy Journal:

An equal or fair transaction or series of process of exchange transactions; tit for tat.

A quid pro quo complaint typically is lodged by an employee who has been denied opportunities because he or she refused a perpetrator's sexual advances or by an employee who has been denied opportunities because another employee obtained those opportunities by submitting to a perpetrator's sexual advances.

2008, Ronald W. Scott, Promoting Legal and Ethical Awareness, page 140:

As for a legal remedy to the problem of harassment, the Court found that a proper, well-advertised grievance procedure could be used in a defense where sexual comments and horseplay created a “hostile environment,” but not in the quid pro quo cases that feminist Catharine MacKinnon had dubbed "put out or get out."

2009, Frank Dobbin, Inventing Equal Opportunity:

American courts have recognized two forms of sexual harassment. In the first, quid pro quo cases, the violation occurs when an employer or supervisor conditions an employment benefit on the employee's providing sexual favors.

2018, Walter B. Connolly, Jr., Michael J. Connolly, Joshua Feinstein, A Practical Guide to Equal Employment Opportunity, page 161:

(law) Sexual harassment in which a person in a workplace implicitly or explicitly requires sexual favours in exchange for something.

en-noun

quid pro quo (plural quae pro quibus or quid pro quibus or quid pro quos)

quae pro quibus (plural)
quid pro quibus (plural)
quid pro quos (plural)

واحدة بواحدة

something offered or asked in exchange for something else

أعطيني نعطيك

(usually non-monetary) exchange transaction

you scratch my back and I'll scratch yours

Borrowed from Latin quid prō quō (literally “something for something”).


verb

The word “speak” is an English verb.

In ſo moche that if any verbe be of the thyꝛde coniugation / I ſet out all his rotes and tenſes[…]

1530 July 18, Iohan Palſgrave, “The Introduction”, in Leſclarciſſement de la langue francoyſe […] , London: Richard Pynſon, Iohan Haukyns, →OCLC, page 32; reprinted as Lesclarcissement de la langue françoyse, Genève: Slatkine Reprints, 1972:

(grammar) A word that indicates an action, event, or state of being.

a Verb of the Singular

1692–1717, Robert South, Twelve Sermons Preached upon Several Occasions, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London:

Kindness is a verb, not an adjective. You're only kind if you do kind things.

(figurative) An action as opposed to a trait or thing.

You can invoke the Properties OLE verb in many ways. The easiest way is to move the mouse over the border of the control until it becomes only a four-way pointer and then right-click.

1995, Adam Denning, OLE Controls Inside Out, page 321:

The InfiniBand verbs, which are closely modeled in the “Gen2” interface, provide the functional specification for the operations that should be allowed on an InfiniBand compliant adapter.

2016, Ada Gavrilovska, Attaining High Performance Communications: A Vertical Approach:

(programming) A named command that performs a specific operation on an object.

verbs (plural)
vb. (alternative)
v. (alternative)

werkwoord

(grammar) a word that indicates an action, event, or a state

From Middle English verbe, directly from Latin verbum (“word, verb”), reinforced by Old French verbe, from Proto-Indo-European *werdʰo-. Doublet of verve and word.


verb

Haig, in congressional hearings before his confirmatory, paradoxed his auditioners by abnormalling his responds so that verbs were nouned, nouns verbed and adjectives adverbised. He techniqued a new way to vocabulary his thoughts so as to informationally uncertain anybody listening about what he had actually implicationed... .

a. 1981 Feb 22, unknown Guardian editor as quoted by William Safire, On Language, in New York Times, pSM3

I like to verb words.... I take nouns and adjectives and use them as verbs. Remember when "access" was a thing? Now it's something you DO. It got verbed. Verbing weirds language.

1993 January 25, Bill Watterson, Calvin and Hobbes:

Nouns should never be verbed.

1997, David. F. Griffiths, Desmond J. Higham, learning LAT_EX, page 8:

In English, verbing nouns is okay

2005 October 5, Jeffrey Mattison, “Letters”, in The Christian Science Monitor, page 8:

(transitive, nonstandard, colloquial) To use any word that is or was not a verb (especially a noun) as if it were a verb.

For example, one-part versions of the proposition "The doctor pursued the lawyer" were "The doctor verbed the object," ...

1946, Rand Corporation, The Rand Paper Series:

Each sentence had the same basic structure: The subject transitive verbed the object who intransitive verbed in the location.

1964, Journal of Mathematical Psychology:

The sentence frame was Dan verbed Ben approaching the store. This sentence frame was followed in all cases by He went inside.

1998, Marilyn A. Walker, Aravind Krishna Joshi, Centering Theory in Discourse:

(linguistics, social sciences) Used as a placeholder for any verb.

en-verb

verb (third-person singular simple present verbs, present participle verbing, simple past and past participle verbed)

verbs (present singular third-person)
verbing (participle present)
verbed (participle past)
verbed (past)
verb (infinitive)
vb. (alternative)
v. (alternative)


verb

verbet (definite singular)
or verber (indefinite plural verb)
verba (definite plural)
verbene (definite plural)


verb

verbet (definite singular)
verb (indefinite plural)
verba (definite plural)


verb

verbe (plural)
verb (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
verbul (accusative definite nominative singular)
verbe (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
verbele (accusative definite nominative plural)
verb (indefinite singular)
verbului (definite singular)
verbe (indefinite singular)
verbelor (definite plural)
verbule (singular vocative)
verbelor (vocative)


verb

verb (indefinite nominative singular)
verbs (genitive indefinite singular)
verbet (definite nominative singular)
verbets (definite genitive singular)
verb (indefinite nominative plural)
verbs (genitive indefinite plural)
verben (definite nominative plural)
verbens (definite genitive plural)

→ Finnish: verbi

→ Ingrian: verbi


verb

verb (nominative singular)
verbad (nominative plural)
verban (accusative singular)
verbad (accusative plural)
verban (genitive singular)
verboiden (genitive plural)
verbad (partitive singular)
verboid (partitive plural)
verban (essive-instructive singular)
verboin (essive-instructive plural)
verbaks (singular translative)
verboikš (plural translative)
verbas (inessive singular)
verboiš (inessive plural)
verbaspäi (elative singular)
verboišpäi (elative plural)
verbaha (illative singular)
verboihe (illative plural)
verbal (adessive singular)
verboil (adessive plural)
verbalpäi (ablative singular)
verboilpäi (ablative plural)
verbale (allative singular)
verboile (allative plural)
verbata (abessive singular)
verboita (abessive plural)
verbanke (comitative singular)
verboidenke (comitative plural)
verbadme (prolative singular)
verboidme (plural prolative)
verbanno (approximative approximative-i singular)
verboidenno (approximative approximative-i plural)
verbannoks (approximative approximative-ii singular)
verboidennoks (approximative approximative-ii plural)
verbannopäi (egressive singular)
verboidennopäi (egressive plural)
verbahasai (singular terminative terminative-i)
verboihesai (plural terminative terminative-i)
verbalesai (singular terminative terminative-ii)
verboilesai (plural terminative terminative-ii)
verbassai (singular terminative terminative-iii)
verbahapäi (additive additive-i singular)
verboihepäi (additive additive-i plural)
verbalepäi (additive additive-ii singular)
verboilepäi (additive additive-ii plural)


adjective

The words “big” and “heavy” are English adjectives.

"They'll have to invent new adjectives when I come back. You wait!"

1932, Delos W. Lovelace, King Kong, published 1965, page 8:

(grammar) A word that modifies a noun or noun phrase or describes a noun’s referent.

it must be an adjective of dain

1655, Thomas Fuller, The History of the University of Cambridge, since the Conquest, [London]: [[…] Iohn Williams […]], →OCLC:

byvoeglike naamwoord

(grammar) a word that modifies a noun or describes a noun’s referent

形容詞 (けいようし, keiyōshi) (for "い" ending in Japanese, and translation for "adjective" in other languages)

From Middle English adjectif, adjective, from Old French adjectif, from Latin adiectivus, from adiciō + -īvus, from ad- (“to, towards, at”) + iaciō (“throw”). The Latin word adiectivus in turn was a calque of Ancient Greek ἐπιθετικόν (epithetikón, “added”), a derivative of the compound verb ἐπιτίθημι (epitíthēmi), from which also comes epithet.


adjective

(grammar) Adjectival; pertaining to or functioning as an adjective.

The whole English law, substantive and adjective.

1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter X, in The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:

(law) Applying to methods of enforcement and rules of procedure.

(chemistry, of a dye) Needing the use of a mordant to be made fast to that which is being dyed.

In fact, God is of not so much importance in Himself, but as the end towards which man tends. That irreverent person who said that Browning uses “God” as a pigment made an accurate criticism of his theology. In Browning, God is adjective to man.

1899, John Jay Chapman, Emerson and Other Essays, AMS Press (1969) (as reproduced in Project Gutenberg)

(obsolete, reflected in the chemical sense, but extinct as a general sense) Incapable of independent function.

reflected in the chemical sense; but extinct as a general sense; reflected in the chemical sense; but extinct as a general sense

adjectiu

of a dye that needs the use of a mordant


adjective

Language has as much occasion to adjective the distinct signification of the verb, and to adjective also the mood, as it has to adjective time. It has […] adjectived all three.

1805, John Horne Tooke, Epea Pteroenta: or The Diversions of Purley Part 2

In English, instead of adjectiving our own substantives, we have borrowed, in immense numbers, adjectived signs from other languages[…]

1832, William Hunter, An Anglo-Saxon grammar, and derivatives, page 46:

(transitive) To make an adjective of; to form or convert into an adjective.

(transitive, chiefly as a participle) To characterize with an adjective; to describe by using an adjective.

en-verb

adjective (third-person singular simple present adjectives, present participle adjectiving, simple past and past participle adjectived)

adjectives (present singular third-person)
adjectiving (participle present)
adjectived (participle past)
adjectived (past)

muuntaa adjektiiviksi

to make an adjective of — see also adjectivize


adjective

vocative masculine singular of adjectīvus


adjective

first/third-person singular present subjunctive

inflection of adjectivar:
third-person singular imperative


craft

By the craft of nature.

1526, William Bonde, Pylgrimage of Perfection:

(uncountable, obsolete) Strength; power; might; force .

The Cyclôpes were Brontês, Steropês, and Argês,—formidable persons, equally distinguished for strength and for manual craft […]

1846, George Grote, A history of Greece:

England should have had enough against a very ordinary Russia to complete the job but Rooney's removal robbed them of his craft and guidance and now increases the pressure on Thursday's meeting with Wales in Lens.

2016 June 11, Phil McNulty, “England 1-1 Russia”, in BBC Sport:

(uncountable) Intellectual power; skill; art.

Ability, skilfulness, especially skill in making plans and carrying them into execution; dexterity in managing affairs, adroitness, practical cunning; ingenuity in constructing, dexterity .

[…]and the chiefe Priests, and the Scribes sought how they might take him by craft, and put him to death.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Mark 14:1:

[…] you have that Crooked Wisdome, which is called Craft […]

1651, Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan, or The Matter, Forme, & Power of a Common-wealth Ecclesiasticall and Civill, London: […] [William Wilson] for Andrew Crooke, […], →OCLC:

We have not the strength with which to fight this man; we must dissimulate, and win, if win we can, by craft.

1904, Jack London, The Sea-Wolf (Macmillan’s Standard Library), New York, N.Y.: Grosset & Dunlap, →OCLC:

Cunning, art, skill, or dexterity applied to bad purposes; artifice; guile; subtlety; shrewdness as demonstrated by being skilled in deception .

Intellectual power; skill; art.
Occult art, magic .

(countable, obsolete in the general sense) A work or product of art .

[Canton] has a large export trade in hand-made crafts, ivory and furniture.

(collective or plural) Handmade items, especially domestic or decorative objects; handicrafts .

For your entente I shall a craft devise […] That ye shall haue your purpose euery dele.

c. 1440, Generydes. A royal historie of the excellent knight Generides:

(countable, obsolete) A device, a means; a magical device, spell or enchantment .

[…] Þe seuen craftes all he can […]

(countable, obsolete) Learning of the schools, scholarship; a branch of learning or knowledge, a science, especially one of the ‘seven liberal arts’ of the medieval universities .

The craft of writing plays.

A poem […] is the work of the poet; the end and fruit of his labour and study. Poesy is his skill or craft of making; the very fiction itself, the reason or form of the work.

1640, Ben Jonson, Timber: or Discoveries made upon Men and Matter, page 213:

It is counted […] good workmanship in a Joyner, to have the craft of bearing his hand so curiously even, the whole length of a long Board.

1678, Joseph Moxon, Mechanick exercises, or The doctrine of handy-works:

(uncountable) Skill, skilfulness, art, especially the skill needed for a particular profession .

The carpenter's craft.

He learned his craft as an apprentice.

[…] For since the birth of time, throughout all ages and nations, / Has the craft of the smith been held in repute by the people.

1847, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Evangeline, A Tale of Acadie, page 281:

Fond as William was of the craft of the woods, he was the least likely of all men to let his sport stand in the way of his interest.

1871, Edward Augustus Freeman, The history of the Norman conquest, page 250:

The great preachers were masters of their craft.

1991, James Munson, The Nonconformists: In Search of a Lost Culture, page 113:

This was billed as the battle between Kane and his Poland opposite number Lewandowski but this was a game where it was possible to simply enjoy two masters of their craft at work.

2021 September 8, Phil McNulty, “Poland 1-1 England”, in BBC Sport:

en:skilled practice of practical occupation

(countable, plural crafts) A branch of skilled work or trade, especially one requiring manual dexterity or artistic skill, but sometimes applied equally to any business, calling or profession; the skilled practice of a practical occupation .

She represented the craft of brewers.

(countable) A trade or profession as embodied in its practitioners collectively; the members of a trade or handicraft as a body; an association of these; a trade's union, guild, or ‘company’ .

Quite near could also be seen several ancient wooden warships, and always a variety of craft slipping up and down the tideway.

1951 October, R. S. McNaught, “Lines of Approach”, in Railway Magazine, page 705:

(countable, plural craft) A vehicle designed for navigation in or on water or air or through outer space .

(nautical) Boats, especially of smaller size than ships. Historically primarily applied to vessels engaged in loading or unloading of other vessels, as lighters, hoys, and barges.

(nautical, British Royal Navy) Those vessels attendant on a fleet, such as cutters, schooners, and gunboats, generally commanded by lieutenants.

“A tight little craft,” was Austin’s invariable comment on the matron; and she looked it, always trim and trig and smooth of surface like a converted yacht cleared for action.

1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, chapter IX, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC:

And whereas the continual Interruption of the Courſe and Paſſage of the Fiſh up the Rivers, by the daily drawing of Seins and other Fiſh-Craft, tends to prevent their Increaſe,[…]

a. 1784, T. Green, “An Act for encouraging and regulating Fiſheries”, in Acts and Laws of the State of Connecticut, in America, page 79:

The whaling craft consists of harpoons, lances, lines, and sealskin buoys, all of their own workmanship.

1869 April 27, C. M. Scammon, “On the Cetaceans of the Western Coast of North America”, in Edward D. Cope, editor, Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, volume 21, page 46:

From the mate’s boat they removed, at his direction, all whaling gear and craft except the oars and a single lance.

a. 1923, Charles Boardman Hawes, “A Boy Who Went Whaling”, in The Highest Hit: and Other Selections by Newbery Authors, Gareth Stevens Publishing, published 2001, →ISBN, page 47:

[…]Temple, a negro of New Bedford, who made ‘whalecraft’, that is, was a blacksmith engaged in working from iron the special utensils or ‘craft’ of the whaling trade.

1950, Discovery Reports, volume 26, Cambridge University Press, page 318:

The men raced about decks collecting the whaling craft and gear and putting them into the boats, while all the time the lookouts hollered from above.

1991, Joan Druett, Petticoat Whalers: Whaling Wives at Sea, 1820–1920, University Press of New England, published 2001, →ISBN, page 55:

(countable, fishing) Implements used in catching fish, such as net, line, or hook. Modern use primarily in whaling, as in harpoons, hand-lances, etc. .

en-noun

craft (countable and uncountable, plural craft or crafts)

johtamistaito

skill in making plans and carrying them into execution

حِرْفَة

skilled practice of practical occupation

veneet

nautical: boats, especially of smaller size than ships

From Middle English craft (“strength, skill”), from Old English cræft (“strength, skill”), from Proto-West Germanic *kraftu, from Proto-Germanic *kraftuz (“strength, power”); further origin obscure.
Cognate with German Kraft (“strength, power, force, energy, employee”) and Danish kraft (“strength, power, force”).

inh

Middle English craft (“strength, skill”)

Proto-Germanic *kraftuz (“strength, power”)

cog

strength, power, force, energy, employee

German Kraft (“strength, power, force, energy, employee”)


craft

state crafting; the process of crafting global policing

To construct, develop something (like a skilled craftsman).

(video games) To combine multiple items to form a new item, such as armour or medicine.

en-verb

craft (third-person singular simple present crafts, present participle crafting, simple past and past participle crafted)

crafts (present singular third-person)
crafting (participle present)
crafted (participle past)
crafted (past)

crafter

to combine different items to form a new one.


craft

A prentis whilom dwelt in our citee, / And of a craft of vitaillers was he […]

c. 1386, Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales. The Cokes Tale, page 50:

The lyf so short, the craft so longe to lerne […]

c. 1381, Geoffrey Chaucer, Parlement of Foules:


craft

craft (nominative singular)
crefti (nominative plural)
craft (accusative singular)
crefti (accusative plural)
crefti (genitive singular)
crefto (genitive plural)
crefti (dative singular)
creftin (dative plural)
crefton (dative plural)
kraft (alternative)
creft (alternative)

desctree

Middle Dutch: cracht, craft
Dutch: kracht
Afrikaans: krag
Limburgish: krach


adjectival

adjectival syntax

adjectival noun

As we can have the adjectival forms bright, brighter, brightest, so we can have the adverbial forms brightly, brightlier, brightliest, but degree is alike inconceivable in the adjective ‘round,’ and the A. ‘here.’

1876, “Ad′verb”, in John M[erry] Ross, editor, The Globe Enyclopædia of Universal Information, volume I, Boston, Mass.: Estes & Lauriat, […], page 25, column 1:

(grammar) Of or relating to or functioning as an adjective.

(law) Of or relating to procedure, especially to technicalities thereof.

en-adj

adjectival (comparative more adjectival, superlative most adjectival)

more adjectival (comparative)
most adjectival (superlative)

/ˌæd͡ʒəˈtaɪ.vəl/


adjectival

Within this line of reasoning, then, Tagalog is classified as a language in which adjectivals are essentially neutral between a nouny and a verby interpretation.

2013, Harrie Wetzer, The Typology of Adjectival Predication, page 240:

/ˌæd͡ʒəˈtaɪ.vəl/


adjectival

fr-adj

adjectival (feminine adjectivale, masculine plural adjectivaux, feminine plural adjectivales)

adjectivale (feminine)
adjectivaux (masculine plural)
adjectivales (feminine plural)


adjectival

ro-adj

adjectival m or n (feminine singular adjectivală, masculine plural adjectivali, feminine and neuter plural adjectivale)

adjectivală (feminine singular)
adjectivali (masculine plural)
adjectivale (feminine neuter plural)
adjectival (indefinite masculine neuter singular)
adjectivală (feminine indefinite singular)
adjectivali (indefinite masculine singular)
adjectivale (feminine indefinite neuter plural)
adjectivalul (definite masculine neuter singular)
adjectivala (definite feminine singular)
adjectivalii (definite masculine singular)
adjectivalele (definite feminine neuter plural)
adjectivale (feminine indefinite singular)
adjectivalului (definite masculine neuter singular)
adjectivalei (definite feminine singular)
adjectivalilor (definite masculine singular)
adjectivalelor (definite feminine neuter plural)

Borrowed from French adjectival. By surface analysis, adjectiv + -al.


substantive

substantive information

In one sense the first debate achieved the worst of all worlds: it managed to be technical, even dull, without being substantive or especially honest.

2012 October 6, “The first presidential debate: Back in the centre, back in the game”, in The Economist:

Of the essence or essential element of a thing.

Substantive editing is never trivial, whereas some aspects of copyediting are trivial.

substantive changes made by the lawyers

(by extension) Constituting the substance of content rather than its style, and thus always nontrivial.

Once more then, strength and magnitude are qualities which impress the imagination in a powerful and substantive manner;

1836 [1829], William Hazlitt, “Definition of wit”, in Literary Remains of the Late William Hazlitt, page 19:

Having substance; enduring; solid; firm; substantial.

substantive law

(law) Applying to essential legal principles and rules of right.

(chemistry, of a dye) Not needing the use of a mordant to be made fast to that which is being dyed.

Hee therefore taking into Conſideration, how ſufficient and ſuſstantiue this Land was, to maintaine it ſelfe without any aid (at all) of the foreigner; […]

1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “New Atlantis. A Worke Vnfinished.”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC, page 16:

(grammar) Of or pertaining to a substantive.

(military, of a rank or appointment) Actually and legally held, as distinct from an acting, temporary or honorary rank or appointment

en-adj

substantive (comparative more substantive, superlative most substantive)

more substantive (comparative)
most substantive (superlative)

съществен

of the essence or essential element of a thing

aineellinen

law: applying to essential legal principles

suora-

of a dye that does not need the use of a mordant

From Middle English substantif, from Old French substantif.


substantive

The Dutch verb beelden and substantive beelding signify form-giving, creation, and by extension image—as do gestalten and Gestaltung in German, where Neo-Plastic[ism] is translated as Die neue Gestaltung.

1986, Harry Holtzman, Martin S[amuel] James, “The New Plastic in Painting (1917)”, in The New Art—The New Life: The Collected Writings of Piet Mondrian, Boston, Mass.: G. K. Hall & Co., →ISBN, part I (The De Stijl Years: 1917–24), page 27:

noun substantive
noun substantive#English

substantive noun
substantive noun#English

(grammar) Ellipsis of noun substantive or substantive noun; a noun or a group of words (a noun phrase) that act as a noun (in a sentence).

noun substantive or substantive noun

Coordinate term: accidental

Part of a text that carries the meaning, such as words and their ordering.

substantives (plural)
subst. (alternative)


substantive

(grammar, very rare) To make a word belonging to another part of speech into a substantive (that is, a noun) or use it as a noun.

en-verb

substantive (third-person singular simple present substantives, present participle substantiving, simple past and past participle substantived)

substantives (present singular third-person)
substantiving (participle present)
substantived (participle past)
substantived (past)


substantive

first/third-person singular present subjunctive

inflection of substantivar:
third-person singular imperative


substantive

vocative masculine singular of substantīvus

[s̠ʊps̠t̪än̪ˈt̪iːu̯ɛ]


trade wind

They rode the trade winds going west.

During the summer months, from November to April, the trade wind is less steady over large parts of the ocean.

2008, Jimmy Cornell, World Cruising Routes, A&C Black, →ISBN, page 365:

A steady wind that blows from east to west above and below the equator.

trade winds (plural)
trade-wind (alternative)
tradewind (alternative)

Compound of trade (“course, path (of running)”, from 14th c.) + wind, because of their consistent linear direction. Associations with transatlantic trade are a later folk etymology.


patronage

His vigorous patronage of the conservatives got him in trouble with progressives.

The act of providing approval and support; backing; championship.

The restaurant had an upper-class patronage.

The improved service to and from Taunton is fully justified by the passenger patronage to and from this town, which is a railhead for a large surrounding area.

1961 October, “The winter timetables of British Railways: Western Region”, in Trains Illustrated, pages 590–591:

In addition to employment in the area, once you factor in the patronage of people visiting the various sites, it's not difficult to see why it's being redeveloped. The current station building is tiny in comparison to other stations with a similar patronage.

2021 July 28, Peter Plisner, “The race to the Games has begun”, in RAIL, number 936, page 54:

Customers collectively; clientele; business.

The restaurant had "Thank you for your patronage!" printed on its take-out bags.

The act or state of being a customer of some business.

A communication that indicates lack of respect by patronizing the recipient; condescension; disdain.

Patronage, nepotism, cronyism, abuse of power, and criminal activity flourish, sometimes for decades, in numerous town halls, police stations, and special-purpose government agencies in the suburbs.

2015, Thomas J. Gradel, Dick Simpson, Corrupt Illinois: Patronage, Cronyism, and Criminality, University of Illinois Press, →ISBN, page 117:

(politics) Granting favours or giving contracts or making appointments to office in return for political support.

Each of the Arts whose office is to refine, purify, adorn, embellish and grace life is under the patronage of a Muse, no god being found worthy to preside over them.

Guardianship, as of a saint; tutelary care.

The right of nomination to political office.

Advowson is the right of presentation to a church, or ecclesiastical benefice. Advowson, advocatio, signifies the taking into protection; and therefore is synonymous with patronage

1765–1769, William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England, (please specify |book=I to IV), Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] Clarendon Press, →OCLC:

(UK, law) The right of presentation to church or ecclesiastical benefice; advowson.

The housekeeper, a very decorative brunette of thirty-five with a pseudo-English accent, greeted him with a mixture of grateful effusion and condescending patronage.

1946, William Hatfield, Buffalo Jim, Oxford: Geoffrey Cumberlege, page 70:

en-noun

patronage (countable and uncountable, plural patronages)

himayə

the act of providing approval and support

клиентела

customers collectively; clientele; business

holhoaminen

a communication that indicates lack of respect by patronizing the recipient

клиентелизъм

granting favours or giving contracts or making appointments to office in return for political support

nimitysvalta

legal: right of presentation to church or ecclesiastical benefice

/ˈpeɪtɹənɪd͡ʒ/

/ˈpætɹənɪd͡ʒ/

From Middle English patronage, from Old French patronage (modern French patronage). Equivalent to patron + -age.


patronage

Mingdi continued the policy of his father who had patronaged Confucian learning.

2003, Hubert Michael Seiwert, Popular Religious Movements and Heterodox Sects in Chinese History, BRILL, →ISBN, page 62:

Table 5.4 reveals the role of criminal gangs’ patron under each crime category. From this, we can understand that 74 percent of the mercenaries are patronaged and supported by the politicians either of the ruling or opposition party.

2004, C.K. Gandhirajan, Organized Crime, APH Publishing Corporation, →ISBN, page 147:

To summarize: a person with a party political background is thus defined as ‘a person that has served in (a) […] and/or (b) a non-elective position inside the party administration of patronaged position in another organisation, i.e. the political functionary’.

2007, Stefaan Fiers, Ineke Secker, “6, A Career through the Party”, in Maurizio Cotta, Heinrich Best, editors, Democratic Representation in Europe, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 138:

(transitive) To support by being a patron of.

This house is largely patronaged by the professors and students of many of the Educational Institutions of New England and the Middle States; and all perons visiting New York, either for business or pleasure, will find this an excellent place at which to stop.

c. 1880, The Primary Teacher, volume 3, New-England Publishing Company, page 63:

Mr. F. A. Welch, of the Oak View Poultry Farm, Salem, starts an add with us this issue. […] Our readers will be treated well, if they patronage Mr. Welch.

1902 May 9, Oregon Poultry Journal, page 27:

Most public establishments catered to Blacks, and Whites actively patronaged some black-owned businesses (Martin 1982, 6, 9–11; Slingsby 1980, 31–32).

2002, Kevin Fox Gotham, Race, Real Estate, and Uneven Development, SUNY Press, →ISBN, page 28:

(transitive) To be a regular customer or client of; to patronize

en-verb

patronage (third-person singular simple present patronages, present participle patronaging, simple past and past participle patronaged)

patronages (present singular third-person)
patronaging (participle present)
patronaged (participle past)
patronaged (past)

/ˈpeɪtɹənɪd͡ʒ/

/ˈpætɹənɪd͡ʒ/


patronage

patronage (act of providing approval and support)

From patroon + -age. Cf. English patronage, French patronage.


patronage

The privilege of being able to choose ecclesiastical appointees; advowson.

English: patronage

From Old French patronage; equivalent to patroun + -age.


deal

We gave three deals of grain in tribute to the king.

(obsolete) A division, a portion, a share, a part, a piece.

There is a vast deal of difference in memories, as well as in every thing else, and therefore you should make allowance for your cousin, and pity her deficiency.

1814 May 9, [Jane Austen], chapter II, in Mansfield Park: […], volume I, London: […] [George Sidney] for T[homas] Egerton, […], →OCLC, page 35:

There is a deal of obscurity concerning the identity of the species thus multitudinously baptized.

1851 November 14, Herman Melville, chapter 32, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC:

“They know our boats will stand up to their work,” said Willison, “and that counts for a good deal. A low estimate from us doesn't mean scamped work, but just that we want to keep the yard busy over a slack time.”

1928, Lawrence R. Bourne, chapter 3, in Well Tackled!:

Like most human activities, ballooning has sponsored heroes and hucksters and a good deal in between. For every dedicated scientist patiently recording atmospheric pressure and wind speed while shivering at high altitudes, there is a carnival barker with a bevy of pretty girls willing to dangle from a basket or parachute down to earth.

2013 June 7, David Simpson, “Fantasy of navigation”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 26, page 36:

(often followed by of) An indefinite quantity or amount; a lot (now usually qualified by great or good).

From Middle English del, dele, from Old English dǣl (“part, share, portion”), from Proto-West Germanic *daili, from Proto-Germanic *dailiz (“part, deal”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰ(h₁)-oy-lo- (“part, watershed”). Cognate with Scots dele (“part, portion”), West Frisian diel (“part, share”), Dutch deel (“part, share, portion”), German Teil (“part, portion, section”), Danish, Slovene, and Swedish del (“part”), Icelandic deila (“division, contention”), Gothic 𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍃 (dails, “portion”). Related to Old English dāl (“portion”). More at dole.


deal

The fighting is over; now we deal out the spoils of victory.

Rome deals out her blessings and her gold.

a'''. 1740, Thomas Tickell, “An Epistle from a lady in England to a gentleman at Avignon”, in Charles Churchil, editor, The Poetical Works of Churchill, Parnell, and Tickell: With a Life of Each, published 1880, page 51:

(transitive) To distribute among a number of recipients, to give out as one’s portion or share.

"Away, proud woman!" said the Lady; "who ever knew so well as thou to deal the deepest wounds under the pretence of kindness and courtesy?"

1820, [Walter Scott], chapter 30, in The Abbot. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne & Co.] for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […]; and for Archibald Constable and Company, and John Ballantyne, […], →OCLC:

Norwich returned to second in the Championship with victory over Nottingham Forest, whose promotion hopes were dealt another blow.

2011 April 15, Saj Chowdhury, “Norwich 2 - 1 Nott'm Forest”, in BBC Sport:

(transitive) To administer or give out, as in small portions.

I was dealt four aces.

The cards were shuffled, and the croupier dealt.

(ambitransitive) To distribute cards to the players in a game.

The boxer was dealt a blow to the head.

This is a heavy-handed weapon attack that can be made with a two-handed weapon, that will deal damage equal to 4 times your size category

2009, Jake Conner, Maverick, Strategy RPG: Core Rulebook, page 99

(transitive) deliver damage, a blow, strike or cut. To inflict.

The whole crowd waited for him to deal a real humdinger.

Mr. Brownlow contrived to state his case; observing that, in the surprise of the moment, he had run after the boy because he saw him running away; and expressing his hope that, if the magistrate should believe him, although not actually the thief, to be connected with thieves; he would deal as leniently with him as justice would allow.

1838, Boz [pseudonym; Charles Dickens], chapter 11, in Oliver Twist; or, The Parish Boy’s Progress. […], volume (please specify |volume=I, II, or III), London: Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC:

When the spice flow stops, all eyes will turn to Arrakis. The Baron and the Emperor himself will be forced to deal with us.

1984, 1:45:55 from the start, in Dune (Science Fiction), spoken by Paul Atreides, →OCLC:

(intransitive) To have dealings or business.

In Deheubarth that now South-wales is hight, / What time king Ryence raign'd, and dealed right [...].

1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book III, Canto II”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

(intransitive) To conduct oneself, to behave.

Wel said syr Uwayne go on your waye, and lete me dele.

1470–1485 (date produced), Thomas Malory, “(please specify the chapter)”, in [Le Morte Darthur], book IV, [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, →OCLC; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC:

(obsolete, intransitive) To take action; to act.

She deals in gold.

(intransitive) To trade professionally (followed by in).

This club takes a dim view of members who deal drugs.

(ambitransitive) To sell, especially to sell illicit drugs.

Science, it cannot be too often repeated, deals with tangible phenomena.

1922 February, James Joyce, “[Episode 14]”, in Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC:

Then there was the sound of a struggle, and I knew that the attendants were dealing with him.

1897, Bram Stoker, chapter 19, in Dracula, New York, N.Y.: Modern Library, →OCLC:

I can't deal with this.

I don't think he wants to go. — Yeah, well, we're going anyway, and he can deal.

(intransitive) To handle, to manage, to cope.

en-verb

deal (third-person singular simple present deals, present participle dealing, simple past and past participle dealt or (nonstandard) dealed)

deals (present singular third-person)
dealing (participle present)
dealt (participle past)
dealt (past)
dealed (nonstandard participle past)
dealed (nonstandard past)

syöttää

baseball slang: to pitch — see also pitch

From Middle English delen, from Old English dǣlan (“to divide, part”), from Proto-West Germanic *dailijan, from Proto-Germanic *dailijaną (“to divide, part, deal”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰail- (“part, watershed”).
Cognates
Cognate with West Frisian diele (“to divide, separate”), Dutch delen, German teilen, Swedish dela; and with Lithuanian dalinti (“divide”), Russian дели́ть (delítʹ).


deal

(archaic in general sense) An act of dealing or sharing out.

I didn’t have a good deal all evening.

I believe it's your deal.

(card games) The distribution of cards to players; a player's turn for this.

We need to finalise the deal with Henderson by midnight.

recognizing the societal deal between capital and labor regarding retirement savings

The deal, which overtakes the £50m paid to Liverpool by Chelsea for Fernando Torres in January 2011 as the highest paid by a British club, takes United’s summer spend to £130.7m, following the £27m spent on Luke Shaw, the £28m for Ander Herrera and £16m for Marcos Rojo.

2014 August 26, Jamie Jackson, “Ángel di María says Manchester United were the ‘only club’ after Real”, in The Guardian:

A particular instance of trading (buying or selling; exchanging; bartering); a transaction.

You also have to look at the kind of mortgage deals available to you and whether you will be able to trade up to the kind of property you are looking for.

2009, The Guardian, Virginia Wallis, 22 Jul 2009

(in particular) A transaction offered which is financially beneficial; a bargain.

California lawmakers, their state broke and its credit rating shot, finally sealed the deal with the governor Monday night on a plan to close a $26 billion budget gap.

2009 July 20, Jennifer Steinhauer, New York Times:

He made a deal with the devil.

I didn't deserve it, but he cut me a deal.

to cut a deal, to cut deals

to cut a fantastic deal, to cut a raw deal

An agreement between parties; an arrangement.

What's the deal here?

Their new movie is the biggest deal of the year.

I don't think that's such a big deal.

(informal) A situation, occasion, or event.

The deal with four tines is called a pitchfork.

I've never killed anybody before. I don't see what's the big deal.

1996, Graham Yost, Broken Arrow, spoken by Major Vic "Deak" Deakins (John Travolta):

(informal) A thing, an unspecified or unidentified object.

What's her deal?

His whole deal is, you've got to be for it or against it, and you can't make it better.

1990, National Archives and Records Administration, quoting Bill Clinton, George Bush: 1992-1993, page 1861:

My boyfriend hates it when I wear makeup or put on a short skirt, but then he points out how hot girls like the Pussycat Dolls are. What's his deal? —Jill, 16, Fresno, CA

2006 February 6, “Dr. Boy”, in ELLEgirl:

I don't know what her deal was. I think she just cared about the MTV stuff and wanted to be around us, maybe hoping a camera would show up and she'd get her face on the color TV or something.

2017 April 11, Amber Portwood, Never Too Late, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN, page 90:

(slang, of a person) A personality trait, especially a negative one, and the underlying cause of it.

→ French: deal

→ German: Deal

→ Lithuanian: dylas

сделка

instance of buying or selling — see also transaction

juttu

informal: unspecified or unidentified object


deal

1722, Daniel Defoe, A Journal of the Plague Year, London: E. Nutt et al., p. 86,
Some Houses were […] entirely lock’d up, the Doors padlockt, the Windows and Doors having Deal Boards nail’d over them,

A brisk fire burned in the grate, there were three comfortable chairs, and a deal table with a water carafe, a bucket of coals, and a few other amenities.

1925 July – 1926 May, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “(please specify the chapter number)”, in The Land of Mist (eBook no. 0601351h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg Australia, published April 2019:

(uncountable) Wood that is easy to saw (from conifers such as pine or fir).

(countable) A plank of softwood (fir or pine board).

It shall not be lawful for any person to land any timber, planks or board, deals, staves, tar, pitch, turpentine, rozin or other the commodities aforesaid, on any part of the present quays within the city of Bristol, from any vessel coming into the said port...

1819, Charles Pope, Practical abridgement of the laws of customs and excise, 5th edition, page CCXLIII:

Swedish deals from ports in the Baltic

1840, John Ramsey McCulloch, “Docks on the Thames (London)”, in A Dictionary Practical, Theoretical and Historical of Commerce and Commercial Navigation, volume 1, Thomas Wardle, page 590:

1 deal (US) = 12 ft x 11 in. x 3/2 in. (E)

2003, François Cardarelli, Encyclopaedia of Scientific Units, Weights, and Measures, page 52:

(countable, archaic) A wooden board or plank, usually between 12 or 14 feet in length, traded as a commodity in shipbuilding.

en-noun

deal (countable and uncountable, plural deals)

From Middle English dele (“plank”), from Middle Low German dele, from Old Saxon thili, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *þiljǭ (“plank, board”); cognate with Old English þille. Doublet of thill.


deal

A plain deal table

Deal table in the middle, plain chairs all round the walls, on one end a large shining map, marked with all the colours of a rainbow.

1899 (please specify the page), Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], →OCLC, part:

She glanced round the kitchen. It was small and curious to her, with its glittering kissing-bunch, its evergreens behind the pictures, its wooden chairs and little deal table.

1913, D[avid] H[erbert] Lawrence, chapter 6, in Sons and Lovers, London: Duckworth & Co. […], →OCLC:

Through the open door you see a red-tiled floor, a large wooden bed, and on a deal table a ewer and a basin.

1919, W[illiam] Somerset Maugham, “chapter 47”, in The Moon and Sixpence, [New York, N.Y.]: Grosset & Dunlap Publishers […], →OCLC:


deal

(informal) deal, a transaction or arrangement

(informal) a deal, a bargain (a favourable transaction)

nl-noun

deal m (plural deals, diminutive dealtje n)

deals (plural)
dealtje (diminutive neuter)


deal

Quelques jours après l’assassinat d’un homme sous les yeux de son fils de 8 ans, le quartier semble à l’arrêt sans qu’aucune solution pérenne ne se dessine pour lutter contre les violences liées au deal.


deal

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of del


deal

deal (masculine nominative singular)
dalu (feminine nominative singular)
dalo (feminine nominative singular)
deal (neuter nominative singular)
dealne (accusative masculine singular)
dale (accusative feminine singular)
deal (accusative neuter singular)
dales (genitive masculine singular)
dealre (feminine genitive singular)
dales (genitive neuter singular)
dalum (dative masculine singular)
dealre (dative feminine singular)
dalum (dative neuter singular)
dale (instrumental masculine singular)
dealre (feminine instrumental singular)
dale (instrumental neuter singular)
dale (masculine nominative plural)
dala (feminine nominative plural)
dale (feminine nominative plural)
dalu (neuter nominative plural)
dalo (neuter nominative plural)
dale (accusative masculine plural)
dala (accusative feminine plural)
dale (accusative feminine plural)
dalu (accusative neuter plural)
dalo (accusative neuter plural)
dealra (genitive masculine plural)
dealra (feminine genitive plural)
dealra (genitive neuter plural)
dalum (dative masculine plural)
dalum (dative feminine plural)
dalum (dative neuter plural)
dalum (instrumental masculine plural)
dalum (feminine instrumental plural)
dalum (instrumental neuter plural)
dala (masculine nominative singular)
dale (feminine nominative singular)
dale (neuter nominative singular)
dalan (accusative masculine singular)
dalan (accusative feminine singular)
dale (accusative neuter singular)
dalan (genitive masculine singular)
dalan (feminine genitive singular)
dalan (genitive neuter singular)
dalan (dative masculine singular)
dalan (dative feminine singular)
dalan (dative neuter singular)
dalan (instrumental masculine singular)
dalan (feminine instrumental singular)
dalan (instrumental neuter singular)
dalan (masculine nominative plural)
dalan (feminine nominative plural)
dalan (neuter nominative plural)
dalan (accusative masculine plural)
dalan (accusative feminine plural)
dalan (accusative neuter plural)
dealra (genitive masculine plural)
dalena (genitive masculine plural)
dealra (feminine genitive plural)
dalena (feminine genitive plural)
dealra (genitive neuter plural)
dalena (genitive neuter plural)
dalum (dative masculine plural)
dalum (dative feminine plural)
dalum (dative neuter plural)
dalum (instrumental masculine plural)
dalum (feminine instrumental plural)
dalum (instrumental neuter plural)


deal

(business, slang) deal (transaction offered which is financially beneficial; a bargain)

deal (nominative singular)
deale (nominative plural)
dealu (genitive singular)
deali (genitive plural)
dealowi (dative singular)
dealom (dative plural)
deal (accusative singular)
deale (accusative plural)
dealem (instrumental singular)
dealami (instrumental plural)
dealu (locative singular)
dealach (locative plural)
dealu (singular vocative)
deale (plural vocative)
dil (alternative)

Unadapted borrowing from English deal, from Middle English delen, from Old English dǣlan, from Proto-West Germanic *dailijan, from Proto-Germanic *dailijaną, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰail-.


deal

dealuri (plural)
deal (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
dealul (accusative definite nominative singular)
dealuri (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
dealurile (accusative definite nominative plural)
deal (indefinite singular)
dealului (definite singular)
dealuri (indefinite singular)
dealurilor (definite plural)
dealule (singular vocative)
dealurilor (vocative)

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic дѣлъ (dělŭ), from Proto-Slavic *dělъ.


deal

es-adj

deal m or f (masculine and feminine plural deales)


merchandise

Good business depends on having good merchandise.

So, if a Sonne that is by his Father ſent about Merchandize, doe ſinfully miſcarry vpon the Sea; the imputation of his vvickedneſſe, by your rule, ſhould be impoſed vpon his Father that ſent him: […]

1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i], page 84, column 2:

The custom of giving away merchandise for advertising purposes is greatly on the increase in this country. More goods are now distributed in one year as advertising novelties and as premiums than in a decade 10 or 15 years ago.

1908, Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons, Sessional papers. Inventory control record 1, page 29:

It has been stated that Fred Beers is giving free merchandise to this store and I believe you will find that one of your inspectors obtained a bottle of milk free when he purchased some groceries on Thursday Nov. 23rd [1933].

1936, Cecil Day Lewis, The Whispering Roots, Jonathan Cape, page 175:

(uncountable) Goods which are or were offered or intended for sale.

(uncountable) Commercial goods connected (branded) with an entity such as a team, band, company, charity, work of fiction, festival, or meme. (Commonly shortened to merch.)

Would we then see in what sence heavenly things may be called a merchandise, and in what sence not; this is easy to him that will understand.

1622, John Wing (Minister of the English congregation at Flushing.), The Best Merchandise, Or a Cleare Discovery of the Evident Difference, and Admirable Advantage, Between Our Traffike with God for the True Treasure and with Men for Temporall Commodity, page 9:

What security was there that she might not be a very unfit person, one who had made a merchandise of her charms, the child itself being the offspring of some accidental connexion?

1822 June 18, Great Britain. Parliament, “Marriage Act Amendment Bill”, in The Parliamentary Debates from the Year 1803 to the Present Time, published 1823, page 1135:

Who feeds a flock, and makes not a merchandise of the sheep?

1839, The holy bible containing the old and the new testaments:

(countable, archaic) A commodity offered for sale; an article of commerce; a kind of merchandise.

(uncountable, archaic) The act or business of trading; trade; traffic.

en-noun

merchandise (usually uncountable, plural merchandises)

merchandises (plural)
merchandize (alternative)
merchaundise (alternative)
merchaundize (alternative)
mdse (alternative)

From Middle English marchaundise (“commerce, trading; buying; business transaction, deal; merchandise, goods, wares; possessions”), from Anglo-Norman marchaundise and Old French marcheandise (modern French marchandise), from Old French marcheant (“seller, vendor”) (ultimately from Latin mercātus (“buying and selling, trade, traffic; market; marketplace”), possibly originally Etruscan) + -ise (suffix forming feminine nouns, often denoting a quality or state). The English word is analysable as merchant + -ise.


merchandise

(intransitive, archaic) To engage in trade; to carry on commerce.

He started his career merchandising in a small clothing store chain.

(intransitive) To engage in in-store promotion of the sale of goods, as by display and arrangement of goods.

(transitive, archaic) To engage in the trade of.

He got hired to merchandise some new sporting goods lines.

(transitive) To engage in in-store promotion of the sale of.

The record companies don't get as good a return on merchandising artists under contract.

en-verb

merchandise (third-person singular simple present merchandises, present participle merchandising, simple past and past participle merchandised)

merchandises (present singular third-person)
merchandising (participle present)
merchandised (participle past)
merchandised (past)
merchandize (alternative)
merchaundise (alternative)
merchaundize (alternative)
mdse (alternative)

From Middle English marchaundisen (“to engage in commerce, traffic”), from marchaundise (noun) (see etymology 1) + -en (suffix forming the infinitive of verbs).


merchandise

first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive

inflection of merchandiser:
second-person singular imperative


wares

whirs (wine–whine merger, fair–fur merger)


wares

The square was filled with booths, with vendors offering their wares.

I call on the Minister to ensure good regulation is applied to moneylenders and so-called independent money advisers, many of whom are former bankers peddling their wares

2011 October 26, “Report of the Interdepartmental Working Committee on Mortgage Arrears”, in Dáil Éireann:


product

They improve their product every year; they export most of their agricultural production.

The amount of an artifact that has been created by someone or some process.

Skill is the product of hours of practice.  His reaction was the product of hunger and fatigue.

A consequence of someone's efforts or of a particular set of circumstances.

This is a product of lime and nitric acid.

(chemistry) A chemical substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction.

The product of 2 and 3 is 6.  The product of 2, 3, and 4 is 24.

(arithmetic) A quantity obtained by multiplication of two or more numbers.

multiplicative operation
multiplicative operation

(mathematics) Any operation or a result thereof which generalises multiplication of numbers, like the multiplicative operation in a ring, product of types or a categorical product.

Product innovation is needed to meet changes in society and its requirements for particular types of banking product.

2002, Oonagh McDonald with Kevin Keasey, The future of retail banking in Europe, page 146:

This sort of relationship can improve quality of transportation and can help in negotiations between transportation providers and transportation product users.

2002, Veljko Milutinović with Frédéric Patricelli, E-business and e-challenges, page 133:

You can't create a stellar software product unless you know what it is supposed to do. You must work with the stakeholders to create the product scope.

2006, Teresa Luckey with Joseph Phillips, Software project management for dummies, page 55:

Any tangible or intangible good or service that is a result of a process and that is intended for delivery to a customer or end user.

The product of last month's quality standards committee is quite good, even though the process was flawed.

To whom thus Michael: These are the product / Of those ill-mated marriages thou sawest;

1667, John Milton, “Book XI”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC, lines 683-84:

These institutions are the products of enthusiasm; they are the instruments of wisdom.

1790, Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France:

The truth is that [Isaac] Newton was very much a product of his time. The colossus of science was not the first king of reason, Keynes wrote after reading Newton’s unpublished manuscripts. Instead “he was the last of the magicians”.

2014 June 21, “Magician’s brain”, in The Economist, volume 411, number 8892:

That store offers a variety of products.  We've got to sell a lot of product by the end of the month.

(countable, uncountable) A commodity offered for sale.

I got some product here — you buying?

(US, slang) Illegal drugs, especially cocaine, when viewed as a commodity.

He puts his fingers in Miller’s hair, which is greasy with product.

2020, Brandon Taylor, Real Life, Daunt Books Originals, page 153:

Wash excess product out of your hair.

(cosmetics, uncountable) Any preparation to be applied to the hair, skin, nails, etc. Often specifically a preparation used to hold one's hair in a desired arrangement.

en-noun

product (countable and uncountable, plural products)

From Middle English product, from Latin prōductus, perfect participle of prōdūcō, first attested in English in the mathematics sense.


product

The probate of a Testament is the producting and insinuating of it before the Ecclesiastical Judge […]

1651, The Touchstone of Common Assurances, page 498:

en-verb

product (third-person singular simple present products, present participle producting, simple past and past participle producted)

products (present singular third-person)
producting (participle present)
producted (participle past)
producted (past)


product

nl-noun

product n (plural producten, diminutive productje n)

producten (plural)
productje (diminutive neuter)
produkt (alternative)

Afrikaans: produk

→ Indonesian: produk


apples and pears

Get up them apples and pears and into Uncle Ned!

Cockney rhyming slang
Cockney rhyming slang


eagle

I, I go my own way
I swim against the stream
Forever I will fight the pοwers that be
The eagle flies alone

2017, “The Eagle Flies Alone”, performed by Arch Enemy:

Any of several large carnivorous and carrion-eating birds in the family Accipitridae, having a powerful hooked bill and keen vision.

(US, numismatics, historical) A gold coin with a face value of ten dollars, formerly used in the United States.

(historical, numismatics) A 13th-century coin minted in Europe and circulated in England as a debased sterling silver penny, outlawed under Edward I of England.

I got an eagle in the third hole.

(golf) A score of two under par for a hole.

уарба

any of several large carnivorous birds in the family Accipitridae

мэкъухэшъобгъэжъ

mɛqʷuxɛšʷobğɛẑ

eagle

in golf, a score of two under par for a hole

From Middle English egle, from Anglo-Norman egle, from Old French aigle, from Latin aquila. Displaced native Middle English ern, earn, arn, from Old English earn (“eagle”). More at erne.


eagle

en-verb

eagle (third-person singular simple present eagles, present participle eagling, simple past and past participle eagled)

eagles (present singular third-person)
eagling (participle present)
eagled (participle past)
eagled (past)

→ Danish: eagle

→ French: eagle


eagle

head

eagle c (singular definite eaglen, plural indefinite eagler)

eaglen (definite singular)
eagler (indefinite plural)


eagle

Borrowed from English eagle. Doublet of aigle.


sesquipedalianism

His voice here is a marvelous juxtaposition of cool elegance, unaffected hipness, unabashed sesquipedalianism ("the rich bouquet of exuded sebaceousness") and swell conversational slang (...)

1995, Michael Cart, From Romance to Realism, →ISBN, page 257:

(uncountable) The practice of using long, sometimes obscure, words in speech or writing.

en-noun

sesquipedalianism (countable and uncountable, plural sesquipedalianisms)

Surface form analyzed as sesquipedalian + -ism, from sesqui- (“one and a half”) + pedalian (“of the foot”).
From Latin sēsquipedālis (“a foot and a half long; in metaphorical use, “of an unnatural length, huge, big””), from sēsqui (“one and a half times as great”) + pedālis (“foot”).


Call it miner's asthma, silicosis, pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis, coal workers' pneumoconiosis, or black lung—they are all dust diseases with the same symptoms.

1980 March, Lorin E. Kerr, “Black Lung”, in Journal of Public Health Policy, volume 1, number 1, →JSTOR, page 50:

I say that it must be the silica dust
That we breathed through our mouths and our noses
That brought pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis.

1998 August 27, Smokey, “Lament for a Lung Disease”, in talk.bizarre (Usenet), message-ID <6s3r8o$brt$1@camel15.mindspring.com>:

It's either pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis, or a bad cough.

2002 December 18, Pod, “Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis”, in alt.fan.scarecrow (Usenet), message-ID <iHSL9.2091$h43.295898@stones>:

I still can't watch House M.D. and not have my mind wonder[…] Even I can fear of^([sic]) having Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis after watching it.

2011 April 28, Kurt D. Stradtman, Am I the Person My Mother Warned Me About?: A Four-year College Experience ... Only the Good Parts, Xlibris, →ISBN, →LCCN, page 90:

Regarding the lack of funding and attention do you agree that there should be parity of esteem between mental conditions such as body dysmorphia and physical conditions such as pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis.

2017 July 31, Michael Bryan, quotee, “Boy, 16, uses 'longest word' in Parliament”, in BBC News, archived from the original on 2017-08-03:

(nonce word) A disease of the lungs, allegedly caused by inhaling microscopic silicate particles originating from the eruption of a volcano.

/ˌnjuːmə.nəʊ.ʌl.tɹə.maɪ.kɹəʊˌskɒ.pɪkˌsɪ.lɪ.kəʊ.vɒl.keɪ.nəʊ.kəʊ.niˈəʊ.sɪs/

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *plew-
Proto-Indo-European *-mṓ
Proto-Indo-European *pléwmō
Ancient Greek πλεύμων (pleúmōn)
Proto-Indo-European *pnew-
Ancient Greek πνέω (pnéō)influ.
Proto-Indo-European *pnew-
Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥
Proto-Indo-European *pnéwmn̥
Ancient Greek πνεῦμα (pneûma)influ.
Ancient Greek πνεύμων (pneúmōn)bor.
English pneumono-
Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-
Latin ūls
Proto-Indo-European *-teros?
Latin -ter
Latin -ā
Latin ultrālbor.
English ultra-
Proto-Indo-European *mey-der.?
Ancient Greek μῑκρός (mīkrós)
Proto-Indo-European *speḱ-
Proto-Indo-European *-yeti
Proto-Indo-European *spéḱyeti
Proto-Hellenic *sképťomai
Ancient Greek σκέπτομαι (sképtomai)
Proto-Hellenic *-os
Ancient Greek -ος (-os)
Ancient Greek -ός (-ós)
Ancient Greek σκοπός (skopós)
Proto-Indo-European *-eti
Proto-Indo-European *-eyéti
Proto-Indo-European *-esyéti
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti
Proto-Indo-European *-yeti
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti
Proto-Indo-European *-yeti
Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti
Ancient Greek -έω (-éō)
Ancient Greek σκοπέω (skopéō)
Proto-Indo-European *-yós
Old Latin -ios
Latin -ius
Latin -ium
Latin mīcroscopiumlbor.
Italian microscopiobor.
English microscope
Proto-Italic *-kos
Latin -cus
Latin -icuslbor.
Old French -iquebor.
Middle English -ik
English -ic
English microscopic
English silico-
English volcano
English coniosis
English pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis
Coined by puzzle designer Everett Smith, President of the National Puzzlers' League, at their convention in 1935 as a deliberately long word. From pneumono- (“lung”) + ultra- (“beyond”) + microscopic + silico- + volcano + coniosis (“dust”), as an extension of the medical term pneumonoconiosis.


antidisestablishmentarianism

Jed Rubenfeld, who actually may not have been recycling a Boerne Court- rejected argument into a law review article,⁴⁵⁰ reasoned that RFRA indeed lacked constitutionality, but because of First Amendment antidisestablishmentarianism, and not the reasons offered by the Court.⁴⁵¹

1998, University of Oklahoma College of Law, American Indian Law Review:

The establishmentarianism of Hatch's alliance-building strategy undermined by the disestablishmentarianism of Wiglesworth's treachery triggers an antidisestablishmentarianism in Hawk — but the negation of Wiglesworth's 'dis' coupled with the counter-negation of Hawk's 'anti' does not simply generate a synthetic affirmation of Hatch's 'establishmentarianism'. Instead, Hawk's antidisestablishmentarianism, like a cancerous wart on the end of the nose, is perched at the fuzzy border separating ontology from oncology, malignity from malignancy.

2002, Angela Hague, David Lavery (credited as editors, but actually authors of the compiled fictional reviews), Teleparody: predicting/preventing the TV discourse of tomorrow:

As we said yesterday, the case for antidisestablishmentarianism has never been more threadbare.

2005 April 9, “Crowning nonsense”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

A political philosophy opposed to the separation of a religious group (church) and a government (state), especially the belief held by those in 19th-century England opposed to separating the Anglican church from the civil government or to refer to separation of church and state.

en-noun

antidisestablishmentarianism (usually uncountable, plural antidisestablishmentarianisms)

антидизетаблишментарианизъм

philosophy opposed to separating church and state